…For vaccination: adrenaline 1 mg/mL, an antihistamine, oxygen, and the ability to lay the patient down. Injection Needle Angle Maximum volume per site : : : : Deltoid…

…duration of effect. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL without adrenaline , 2–5 mL. Needles: 21–25 G, 40 mm for subacromial and trochanteric injection; 25–27…

…baseline sample : cortisol and plasma ACTH. The ACTH sample is taken before the injection and handled chilled. 4. Inject 0.25 mg of tetracosactide intravenously …

…of action 1 to 2 minutes Duration of action 10 to 30 minutes Delivery IV Dose Bolus injection : 5 to 15 mg every 5 to…

…coronary arterial tree after selective intracoronary contrast injection under fluoroscopy. The procedure is performed by advancing guidewires and diagnostic catheters from a percutaneous arterial access…

…and dose Risk of HPA suppression Tapering : : : < 3 weeks, at any dose Low Can be stopped straight away 3 weeks, prednisolone < 5 mg…

…Sterile gloves, sterile gauze, and a fenestrated drape for injection. A needle of 0.8–1.2 × 50 mm for large joints (knee, shoulder), 0…

…0.1 mg/24hrs). • Catapress TTS 2 (0.2 mg/24hrs) • Catapress TTS 3 (0.3 mg/24hrs) Dosage in renal failure and renal replacement…

…Figure 2. Left ventriculography during systole showing apical ballooning akinesis with basal hyperkinesis in a characteristic takotsubo ventricle. Studies from the US and Japan has…

…Glycopyrronium (Robinul) 0.2 mg is an alternative premedication. Peripheral venous cannula, saline flush. ECG monitoring, pulse oximetry and blood pressure measurement throughout the test…

…from the dorsal aspect, one injection medial and one lateral to the base of the phalanx, 2–3 mL on each side, with the needle…

…dosing errors arise at the dilution step, and an undiluted syringe of 10 mg/mL makes small adjustments impossible. Procedure Intravenous titration in acute severe…

…sequence induction is used when intubation is required [1]. In salicylate poisoning, intubation with an inadequate minute ventilation can rapidly worsen the acidaemia and increase…

…to 12 mg, followed by a flush. Doses as low as 2.5 mg may terminate some tachycardias, and doses of 12 mg or less…

…occult structural abnormality. IVUS IVUS generates images by transmitting ultrasound from an intracoronary catheter and recording echoes reflected from the vessel wall. Contemporary systems use…

…in the intensive care unit or coronary care unit. Adenosine injection must be administered quickly (1 2 seconds), followed immediately by a rapid saline flush …

…5 mg may worsen bradycardia and should not be given. • Relative contraindications are ileus, glaucoma. Isoprenaline / Isoproterenol α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2…

…of infection on the flap is called vegetation. As a rule, some kind of damage to native (own) valves is required to become vulnerable and…

…2]. The direct evidence for exactly one hour in neutropenic fever is limited, but delayed antibiotics are associated with a worse outcome in sepsis and…

…2.5 mg/mL Slow Long When prolonged analgesia is wanted The maximum dose of lidocaine is given in the Swedish medicines compendium (FASS) and…

…are viral infection, bacterial infection and air pollution, but often no definite trigger can be identified [1,2]. Ask specifically about: Onset and time course…

…2. Parenteral thiamine early , preferably before or at the same time as carbohydrate administration. 3. Rapid identification of seizures, delirium tremens, infection, trauma and metabolic…

…technique) 1. Palpate the course of the artery with two fingertips and note the direction. Disinfect and allow to air dry. 2. Anaesthetise the skin…

…with a pillow under the pelvis. The lateral position is usually the most comfortable and gives good access. 2. Palpate the iliac crest posteriorly until…

…the most stable dressing, lowest risk of infection and thrombosis with prolonged dwell time Highest risk of pneumothorax, the vessel cannot be compressed after arterial…

…Electrolytes and renal function See the renal parameters for the eGFR stages and albuminuria. Inflammation and infection Test Reference Comment : : : CRP < 3 mg/L…

…anaphylaxis, deep neck infection, an expanding haematoma, facial trauma. An anticipated course requiring a secured airway — transfer, heavy sedation, surgery — and cardiac arrest. Contraindications There…

…Sampling for a suspected sexually transmitted infection — although chlamydia and gonorrhoea can be tested on urine or a self taken vaginal sample without a speculum…

…neuroborreliosis, neurosyphilis or another CNS infection. Suspected inflammatory disease: multiple sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis. Meningeal carcinomatosis and CNS involvement in haematological malignancy. Investigation…

…mastoid erythema and a protruding ear are not part of the tympanic membrane, but they are the most important finding when they are present. 2…

…a tourniquet, chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL, gauze, a transparent dressing, an extension set with a three way tap, and saline for flushing. An…

…L before drain insertion, while diagnostic aspiration with a fine needle is tolerated at considerably worse values. Follow the local protocol. Preparation and equipment Ultrasound…

…delayed capillary refill, cold or mottled skin Metabolism and perfusion A lactate above 2 mmol/L, metabolic acidosis or a rising lactate Kidney A rise…

…respiratory infection with a risk of transmission Until symptom free Haemoptysis of unclear cause Until investigated Relative obstacles also include dementia, marked hearing loss and…

…infusion rate 25 mg/hour. Adverse effects Tachycardia. Flushing. Headache. Angina pectoris. Caution Heart failure. Angina pectoris (ischemic heart disease). Hydralazine doses and administration in…

…2 to 4 hours Delivery IV Dose Can be given as repeated intravenous bolus injections or as a constant dose infusion. Bolus regime : • 20 mg…

…healthy individuals. Infections and the risk of acute coronary syndromes It is known that the risk of developing acute coronary syndromes increases during infections, including…

…with several simultaneous renal insults. Infection, hypovolaemia, cardiac dysfunction, haemodynamic instability, anaemia and other nephrotoxic exposures may contribute to tubular injury, making attribution to contrast…

…an important practical distinction from therapies requiring monthly or biweekly injections. Inclisiran is used as an adjunct to dietary measures and maximally tolerated statin therapy…

…anaesthetic. Place a field block in healthy skin around the abscess instead of injecting into it, and expect the procedure to hurt even so. Offer…

…the stroke call. 2. Establish the time of symptom onset or the time last known to be well. 3. Assess airway, breathing and circulation. 4…

…tract infection. At an eGFR <30 mL/min the antibacterial effect is lost. Dosed independently of renal function Doxycycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, moxifloxacin and fusidic…

…National Board of Health and Welfare, checked after the decision to withdraw treatment has been documented. 2. A donor card and written expressions of intent…

…doxycycline 200 mg × 1 on day 1, then 100 mg × 1 5–7 days Epiglottitis and other severe upper airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g…

…suspected perforation or infection. Removal Proceed from the least to the most invasive technique. 1. Irrigate with sterile saline — loose particles often come away. 2…

…impaired consciousness or DKA: remove the pump and change to an infusion or injections Drugs for type 2 diabetes in inpatients Agent The acutely ill…

…Unna boot), or a class 2–3 compression stocking. Tape measure for ankle circumference — this governs the choice of material and bandaging technique. Procedure Assessment…

…unit and which reference system your own laboratory uses before applying it. The D dimer is raised in pregnancy, malignancy, infection, surgery, trauma and old…

…active edge , not the burnt out centre. 2. Clean the skin and infiltrate the anaesthetic intradermally and subcutaneously until a weal forms. 3. Stretch the…

…AV block Mobitz type 2, newly discovered complete heart block without current symptoms, alternating bundle branch block in acute anterior infarction, and before drugs or…

…wedge pressure (PAWP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR): Haemodynamic category mPAP PAWP PVR Precapillary PH 20 mmHg ≤15 mmHg 2 Wood units Isolated postcapillary PH…

…infection or other circumstances that may affect cessation or treatment monitoring. Single question screening can identify unhealthy drug use requiring counselling regarding cardiovascular effects and…

…Acute infection Renal or hepatic impairment Hypothyroidism Vitamin D deficiency Concomitant interacting medications The SLCO1B1 rs4149056 polymorphism is associated with higher statin concentrations and may…

…2. Measure the depth of insertion by laying the tube from the tip of the nose to the earlobe and from there to the xiphoid…

…reaches hospital early. The benefit of both methods falls steeply with the time since ingestion, and both can harm the patient through aspiration. Contact your…

…over the insertion site Change the puncture site Preparation and equipment Ultrasound with a curved array probe. Sterile preparation (chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL…

…system. The underlying pathophysiology varies widely and may involve intrinsic cardiac disease, extrinsic systemic conditions, or pharmacologic effects. Inflammatory heart disease, caused by infections (viral…

…often enzyme induction by alcohol or drugs and is often of no clinical significance. Synthetic function and prognosis Child–Pugh Parameter 1 point 2 points…

…and residual inflammation, defined by hsCRP ≥2 mg/L, it produced a modest reduction in a composite of cardiovascular death, non fatal myocardial infarction and…

…by streptococcal infections (group A Streptococcus ). Rheumatic heart disease can occur at any age and multiple valve lesions are common (typically the aortic and mitral…