…ability to lay the patient down. Injection Needle Angle Maximum volume per site : : : : Deltoid, adult 23–25 G, 25 mm 90° 1–2 mL Deltoid…

…to reduce the risk of a post injection flare. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL without adrenaline is used; larger volumes are needed subacromially and trochanterically to…

…These thresholds are also assay dependent. Follow up of known HPA suppression to determine whether replacement can be stopped. The test is not the first…

…Time to onset of action 1 to 2 minutes Duration of action 10 to 30 minutes Delivery IV Dose Bolus injection : 5 to 15 mg…

…selective intracoronary contrast injection under fluoroscopy. The procedure is performed by advancing guidewires and diagnostic catheters from a percutaneous arterial access site to the aortic…

…hydrocortisone. The patient must have an emergency injection at home Acute illness, trauma, surgery Parenteral hydrocortisone, at a dose according to the local protocol. Usually…

…and a fluoride tube for glucose and lactate. For injection: the corticosteroid drawn up in its own syringe, so that the same needle can stay…

…Dose Injection IV: • 150 μg in 1 ml vial. Dilute with 10 ml of normal saline and give by slow injection over 5 10…

…ventricle. Studies from the US and Japan has estimated that up to 2% of patients referred to PCI with a suspicion of STE ACS/STEMI…

…6. Assess the chosen finding continuously during the window of effect, 40 seconds to 5–10 minutes after the injection . 7. Stop the test in…

…an iodine solution. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL without adrenaline for the block (adrenaline is safe in fingers and toes according to modern data, but there…

…list. Always dilute morphine 10 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL (1 mL made up to 10 mL with sodium chloride) before intravenous titration. Half…

Akutsjukvård Lathundar Basic principle Manage the patient, not the list of poisons. Stabilisation according to ABCDE, the plasma glucose, a blood gas and an ECG…

…transient first , second , or third degree AV nodal block lasting up to a few seconds. His Purkinje conduction is generally unaffected directly. Adenosine does not…

…information about the artery. The clinical value of these techniques rests on their ability to characterize the anatomy responsible for a stenosis, define plaque morphology…

…tachycardia (NCT). Adenosine typically causes a short lasting second or third degree AV block which may be unpleasant to the patient. This side effect lasts…

…channel blockers (CCB). Antidote to CCBs. 10 ml calcium 0.2 mmol/ml iv. Antidote to CCBs. Digoxin antibodies Binds to digoxin. Digitalis antidote (anti…

…made up of the foci of infection. Vegetations can be found on the flaps and appear as moving masses. Mural vegetations are attached to the…

…infectious diseases physician early in a high risk course, in instability, with resistance problems, or with suspected fungal infection 10 Document the times of triag

…the face and scalp — where the blood supply is good and a scar is stigmatising — up to about 24 hours is accepted in Swedish practice…

…and circulation. 2. Give controlled oxygen with a target of 88 to 92 percent until the risk of hypercapnia has been assessed. 3. Take an…

…48 to 96 hours Delirium tremens with disorientation, fluctuating attention, agitation or, more rarely, hypoactivity, hallucinations and marked autonomic hyperactivity Up to 5 to 7…

…is difficult to puncture. Sterile preparation with chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL, sterile drape, sterile gloves, mask and cap. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for…

…sterile gauze. Local anaesthetic: lidocaine 10 mg/mL, usually 5–10 mL, with a longer needle so that the periosteum can be infiltrated generously — it…

…and a large full body drape. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for local anaesthesia, normal saline to flush all lumens, suture material or a securement device…

…a production defect from haemolysis or bleeding Ferritin 15–300 µg/L (women 10–150) An acute phase protein — a normal ferritin does not exclude…

…3 and 4 as back up, always with the light checked. Tubes in three sizes, a stylet or bougie taken out and shaped before induction …

…the most recent sample analysed for HPV. Invitations are sent up to and including the age of 70, and the last sample is in practice…

…advanced. An introducer for the atraumatic needle — it is too soft to pass through the skin on its own. Local anaesthesia: lidocaine 10 mg/mL…

…Ear canal stenosis or exostoses Narrow and hard to reach Ongoing otitis externa Pain, spread of infection A small or uncooperative child Movement causes injury…

…mL to anaesthetise the marrow cavity in a conscious patient. Fixation material for the intraosseous needle. Procedure Peripheral venous cannula 1. Apply the tourniquet 10…

…coagulopathy or thrombocytopenia Relative Ongoing anticoagulant treatment — plan the aspiration for the trough level or pause the drug according to local practice Relative Skin infection…

…threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Clinically this usually corresponds to an acute increase in the SOFA score of at…

…capacity. Suspected asthma or COPD — diagnosis and follow up. Risk groups: current or former smokers over 40 with respiratory symptoms, and occupational exposure to dust…

…Time to onset of action 10 30 minutes. Duration of action <4 hours. Delivery IV or IM. Dose Injections • IV: 10–40 mg every 4…

…bolus injections or as a constant dose infusion. Bolus regime : • 20 mg IV bolus over 2 minutes, followed by 20 to 80 mg every 10…

…of atherosclerotic plaque rupture is increased during infections). As noted by Bonow et al, it is also reasonable to believe that patients with heart failure…

…with an eGFR of 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m2 and up to 17% when eGFR is below 30 mL/min/1.73 m2…

…an important practical distinction from therapies requiring monthly or biweekly injections. Inclisiran is used as an adjunct to dietary measures and maximally tolerated statin therapy…

…anaesthetic. Place a field block in healthy skin around the abscess instead of injecting into it, and expect the procedure to hurt even so. Offer…

…treatment unnecessarily. 10. In unknown time of onset, wake up stroke or a late time window: perform advanced imaging according to the local protocol. 11…

…be given to selected patients with an eGFR of 30 40 mL/min for lower urinary tract infection. At an eGFR <30 mL/min the…

…Indirect criteria after circulatory arrest, following a five minute no touch period The circulation at retrieval Maintained up to retrieval Ceased; warm ischaemic time is…

…infection flucloxacillin 1 g × 3 7 days Cat bite within 2 days phenoxymethylpenicillin 1 g × 3 10 days Cat bite after 2 days, close to…

…glaucoma is suspected (normal 10–21 mmHg). Tonometry is contraindicated with suspected perforation or infection. Removal Proceed from the least to the most invasive technique…

…In impaired consciousness or DKA: remove the pump and change to an infusion or injections Drugs for type 2 diabetes in inpatients Agent The acutely…

…above Severe pain Titrate the pressure up gradually Rheumatoid arthritis with vasculitis Individual assessment Repeat the ABI every three to six months during ongoing compression…

…must not be used to rule it out The age adjusted D dimer in patients over 50: the threshold becomes age × 10 micrograms/L (FEU…

…or an iodine solution. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL with adrenaline 5 µg/mL (adrenaline gives a bloodless field and a longer duration; it is safe…

Procedurer Transcutaneous pacing takes seconds to start and can keep a patient alive until a transvenous lead is in place — but only if it is…

…precapillary pulmonary vascular component. PAWP is used to distinguish pulmonary venous hypertension caused by left heart disease from pulmonary vascular disease. Although a PAWP of…

…Exposure to second hand smoke. Use of cannabis, electronic cigarettes or other inhaled products. Readiness to attempt cessation. Depression, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, HIV infection or…

…Randomized trials have shown muscle adverse event rates similar to those with placebo, whereas approximately 10% of patients in registries and routine clinical practice report…

…to the xiphoid process. Mark the distance on the tube. In adults the mark is typically around 50–60 cm. 3. Lubricate the outermost 10…

…cases up to 6 hours or more. Discuss this with the poison control centre. Gastric lavage is considered only after a life threatening ingestion of…

…over the insertion site Change the puncture site Preparation and equipment Ultrasound with a curved array probe. Sterile preparation (chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL)…

…varies widely and may involve intrinsic cardiac disease, extrinsic systemic conditions, or pharmacologic effects. Inflammatory heart disease, caused by infections (viral, bacterial, protozoal, fungal, parasitic)…

…shifts the suspicion to bone, pregnancy or malignancy. A markedly raised GGT with the other tests normal is most often enzyme induction by alcohol or…

…fatal infections and high cost. Low dose methotrexate did not reduce cardiovascular outcomes, and several other agents, including pexelizumab, losmapimod and darapladib, failed to demonstrate…

…Prognosis in aortic stenosis according to type of stenosis. The patients with low flow (stroke volume index <35 ml/m²) and low gradient (<40 mmHg…