…For vaccination: adrenaline 1 mg/mL, an antihistamine, oxygen, and the ability to lay the patient down. Injection Needle Angle Maximum volume per site : : : : Deltoid…

…contraindication to these superficial injections. Preparation and equipment Chlorhexidine in alcohol, an iodine solution or isopropyl alcohol. A depot glucocorticoid: triamcinolone hexacetonide (Lederspan 20 mg…

…measures the ability of the adrenal cortex to respond to maximal ACTH stimulation, and it is rarely the injection itself that determines whether the result…

…Dose Bolus injection : 5 to 15 mg every 5 to 15 minutes as necessary. Continuous infusion: Start infusion at 0.1 mg/min and increase…

…selective intracoronary contrast injection under fluoroscopy. The procedure is performed by advancing guidewires and diagnostic catheters from a percutaneous arterial access site to the aortic…

…hydrocortisone. The patient must have an emergency injection at home Acute illness, trauma, surgery Parenteral hydrocortisone, at a dose according to the local protocol. Usually…

…Sterile gloves, sterile gauze, and a fenestrated drape for injection. A needle of 0.8–1.2 × 50 mm for large joints (knee, shoulder), 0…

…daily increased as required to up to 900 μg/day. Transdermal (one patch lasts for a week): • Catapress TTS 1 (0.1 mg/24hrs)…

…ventricle. Studies from the US and Japan has estimated that up to 2% of patients referred to PCI with a suspicion of STE ACS/STEMI…

…seconds to 5–10 minutes after the injection . 7. Stop the test in the event of bradycardia, bronchospasm, marked salivation or increasing weakness, and give…

…digital block Anaesthetise from the dorsal aspect, one injection medial and one lateral to the base of the phalanx, 2–3 mL on each side…

…the age and the medication list. Always dilute morphine 10 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL (1 mL made up to 10 mL with sodium…

…sequence induction is used when intubation is required [1]. In salicylate poisoning, intubation with an inadequate minute ventilation can rapidly worsen the acidaemia and increase…

…usually within 30 seconds. Doses higher than 18 mg are unlikely to revert a tachycardia and should not be used. Specific dosing adjustments are required…

…imaging provides cross sectional and longitudinal information about the artery. The clinical value of these techniques rests on their ability to characterize the anatomy responsible…

…mg/kg. Maximum single dose: 0.3 mg/kg Body weight 50 kg: Adult dosage. Adverse effects Adverse effects typically persist <10 seconds due to…

…50% renal elimination. • Typically the first choice of drug. • Effective in sinus bradycardia or AV node block. • Dose <0.5 mg may worsen bradycardia and…

…made up of the foci of infection. Vegetations can be found on the flaps and appear as moving masses. Mural vegetations are attached to the…

…minutes 8 Give oxygen, fluid and a vasopressor according to the sepsis pathway when needed 9 Contact the haematologist or oncologist. Contact an infectious diseases…

…stigmatising — up to about 24 hours is accepted in Swedish practice. The limit is not the clock but the degree of contamination, the depth and…

…level of consciousness and circulation. 2. Give controlled oxygen with a target of 88 to 92 percent until the risk of hypercapnia has been assessed…

…48 to 96 hours Delirium tremens with disorientation, fluctuating attention, agitation or, more rarely, hypoactivity, hallucinations and marked autonomic hyperactivity Up to 5 to 7…

…is difficult to puncture. Sterile preparation with chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL, sterile drape, sterile gloves, mask and cap. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for…

…of treatment response and measurement of residual disease (MRD). Fever of unknown origin or suspected granulomatous disease with marrow involvement. Work up of unexplained iron…

…technique is designed to make sure that never happens, and to make sure the catheter does not become the patient's next focus of infection…

…Electrolytes and renal function See the renal parameters for the eGFR stages and albuminuria. Inflammation and infection Test Reference Comment : : : CRP < 3 mg/L…

…3 and 4 as back up, always with the light checked. Tubes in three sizes, a stylet or bougie taken out and shaped before induction…

…according to the national programme. Checking an intrauterine device or a pessary. Assessment of prolapse. Sampling for a suspected sexually transmitted infection — although chlamydia and…

…focal neurological signs — CT is performed first. Preparation and equipment Informed consent, coagulation status and an up to date medication list. A sterile fenestrated drape…

…exostoses Narrow and hard to reach Ongoing otitis externa Pain, spread of infection A small or uncooperative child Movement causes injury Preparation and equipment Otoscopy…

…or a 50 mL syringe with a three way tap — intraosseous flow requires pressure ; gravity is not enough. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL to anaesthetise the…

…between regions. Common practice is correction at an INR above 1.5 and a platelet count below 50 × 10⁹/L before drain insertion, while diagnostic…

…parallel and must not wait for complete diagnostic certainty. Sepsis is defined as life threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection…

…be prepared to show a colleague. Indications Investigation of chronic cough, dyspnoea, wheeze or reduced exercise capacity. Suspected asthma or COPD — diagnosis and follow up…

…Time to onset of action 10 30 minutes. Duration of action <4 hours. Delivery IV or IM. Dose Injections • IV: 10–40 mg every 4…

…2 to 4 hours Delivery IV Dose Can be given as repeated intravenous bolus injections or as a constant dose infusion. Bolus regime : • 20 mg…

…outcomes. The vast majority of infections with COVID 19 result in mild disease, with symptoms similar to seasonal flu (influenza) and other viral respiratory infections…

…patients with an eGFR of 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m2 and up to 17% when eGFR is below 30 mL/min/1.73…

…also lowers non HDL C by up to approximately 50% and apolipoprotein B by approximately 20–40%. Effects on triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) are variable…

…anaesthetic. Place a field block in healthy skin around the abscess instead of injecting into it, and expect the procedure to hurt even so. Offer…

…in properly selected patients. Tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg is a safe and effective alternative to alteplase and is simpler to administer, since the whole…

…conceal markedly reduced renal function. Acute kidney injury changes clearance from day to day. Reassess the dose daily and follow creatinine. Underdosing in sepsis is…

…and, where needed, four vessel angiography Indirect criteria after circulatory arrest, following a five minute no touch period The circulation at retrieval Maintained up to…

…or doxycycline 200 mg × 1 on day 1, then 100 mg × 1 5–7 days Epiglottitis and other severe upper airway infection cefotaxime 1–2…

…is suspected (normal 10–21 mmHg). Tonometry is contraindicated with suspected perforation or infection. Removal Proceed from the least to the most invasive technique. 1…

…In impaired consciousness or DKA: remove the pump and change to an infusion or injections Drugs for type 2 diabetes in inpatients Agent The acutely…

…in the presence of clinical signs of infection — all chronic wounds are colonised, and a culture taken without clinical suspicion leads only to unnecessary antibiotics…

…to rule it out The age adjusted D dimer in patients over 50: the threshold becomes age × 10 micrograms/L (FEU). Check which unit and…

…thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible; a superficial punch in a case of bullous dermatosis misses the subepidermal split. Choose the technique according to the…

…every three to five minutes to a total maximum of 3 mg . Doses below 0.5 mg can paradoxically worsen the bradycardia and must be…

…airway or lung disease, and hyperthyroidism; follow up and investigation of the cause of increased flow are appropriate. Exercise PH is defined by an mPAP…

…infection or other circumstances that may affect cessation or treatment monitoring. Single question screening can identify unhealthy drug use requiring counselling regarding cardiovascular effects and…

…the nocebo effect : negative expectations, contextual cues and attribution of pre existing symptoms to the medication. No single diagnostic test can distinguish a pharmacological SAMS…

…Measure the depth of insertion by laying the tube from the tip of the nose to the earlobe and from there to the xiphoid process…

…cases up to 6 hours or more. Discuss this with the poison control centre. Gastric lavage is considered only after a life threatening ingestion of…

…20 mL and 50 mL syringes. Therapeutic drainage: a commercial paracentesis set or a catheter over needle, 16–18 G, connected to tubing and a…

…in older patients and those exhibiting a bundle branch block (BBB) or an intraventricular conduction defect. In severe cases, bradycardia may progress to hemodynamic instability…

…injury, and 2–5 a mixed pattern. Orders of magnitude that direct the work up ALT 50 × the upper limit of normal: paracetamol poisoning, ischaemic…

…fatal infections and high cost. Low dose methotrexate did not reduce cardiovascular outcomes, and several other agents, including pexelizumab, losmapimod and darapladib, failed to demonstrate…

…and median survival is 3 years. Long term prognosis in aortiv stenosis is presented in Figure 3. Figure 3. Prognosis in aortic stenosis according to…