…Catheter length: the right internal jugular vein requires the shortest catheter, while left sided and femoral insertions require longer ones — check the length in the…

…catheter insertion) Underlying lung pathologies In cases of benign pneumothorax, positive pressure ventilation can precipitate a tension pneumothorax, leading to circulatory collapse. Diagnosis of a…

…Infection or burns over the puncture site. Osteogenesis imperfecta and severe osteoporosis (relative). An inability to identify the landmarks. Choice of vein and cannula size…

…chance of success by counteracting vascular spasm. Pressure monitoring set: stiff, short tubing, a transducer, and a flush system with physiological saline in a pressure…

…larger , since a mask that is too small leaks and gives a poorer seal. Procedure Insertion of the laryngeal mask 1. Check the mask, remove…

…the electrode. A glass of water with a straw, a vomit bowl, tissues, suction. Monitoring with ECG, blood pressure and saturation throughout the investigation. Explain…

…copious volume of drinking quality tap water or sodium chloride 9 mg/mL. The volume matters more than the fluid; irrigate under pressure through a…

…Indications Hypertensive crisis. Mechanism of action Phentolamine is a non selective alpha adrenergic blocker. Phentolamine reduces blood pressure while increasing catecholamine activity. Effects Primarily causes…

…not looked for afterwards. Monitoring: ECG, pulse oximetry and blood pressure at short intervals. Tube size and depth Patient Internal diameter (mm) Depth at the…

…of pulmonary involvement in systemic disease, for example rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, and during treatment with pulmonary toxic drugs. Contraindications Forced expiration raises the pressure…