…drainage bag and a catheter valve, and lubricant containing a local anaesthetic (lidocaine gel) in a pre filled syringe. Catheter size is given in Charrière…

…requiring a view down into the larynx. The difficult airway rarely kills because the tube would not pass, but because the team keeps trying to…

…aside time, coach actively, and do not accept a trace you would not be prepared to show a colleague. Indications Investigation of chronic cough, dyspnoea…

…the fluid; irrigate under pressure through a 20 mL syringe and a large bore needle. Chlorhexidine in alcohol to the skin around the wound — not…

…scalpel. Topical anaesthetic cream (lidocaine–prilocaine) or infiltration anaesthesia for painful debridement. Wound bed dressing chosen by exudate volume, edge protection (zinc paste, barrier film)…

…comes after the injury, not before — and that an edge or a fold presses on a bony prominence until the skin breaks down. An acute…

…rate, about 1 mL per 3–5 seconds. 7. Withdraw the needle at the same angle and press with a dry swab. Do not massage…

…an NSAID, an orthosis — has not given a sufficient effect. Contraindications Absolute: Cellulitis, a skin wound or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or…

…with poor circulation, above all the lower leg in a patient with peripheral arterial disease or diabetes — the wound may not heal. Over superficial nerves…

…5–7 mg/kg IV as a single dose Urosepsis with shock and suspected ESBL meropenem 1 g × 3 IV Do not treat asymptomatic bacteriuria…

…of objectively demonstrating peripheral arterial disease, and it is needed more often than it is used — not only in claudication, but before every compression treatment…

…wave to synchronise to; sync mode would block the shock entirely The patient Awake or sedated — requires sedation Unconscious In polymorphic VT, sync must be…

…mm per year or at least 5 mm over 6 months. Such growth may justify consideration of repair at a smaller diameter than would otherwise…

…coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. However, association is not the same as causation . A cause is something completely different. It took roughly 50 years…

…test does not define the structure or composition of coronary atherosclerotic plaque, identify plaques at high risk of rupture, or determine whether ischaemia would occur…

…precisely, FFR compares the pressure driving flow distal to a stenosis with the pressure that would be available in the absence of that stenosis. The…

…blunt force, lacerations, gunshot wounds) Asthmatic episodes Iatrogenic events (e.g., during central venous catheter insertion) Underlying lung pathologies In cases of benign pneumothorax, positive…

…rest, which does not reveal the functional (maximum) capacity of the left ventricle, as this would require measuring the ejection fraction during submaximal exercise testing…

…II and III would have been displayed next to each other, the T wave inversion in lead III would not be consistent with the upright…

…make sure that never happens, and to make sure the catheter does not become the patient's next focus of infection. Indications Infusion of vesicant…

…myocardial ischaemia or syncope — that has not responded to atropine: Complete heart block (third degree AV block) and second degree AV block Mobitz type 2…

…s) would warrant further investigation. 6. Which of the following ECG findings is generally considered a normal variant in asymptomatic athletes and typically does not…

…and a corresponding decrease in unstable angina in the past two decades (many of those who would previously have been classified as unstable angina are…

…repolarization syndrome . Early repolarization pattern may actually not be due to early repolarization The term "early repolarization" was used to describe the ECG pattern. Indeed…

…ischemia. Indeed, it may be so efficient that a total occlusion in the main artery may not lead to infarction due to the collaterals. Occasionally…

…sound waves travel through time and space, the particles of the medium do not travel with the sound wave. The particles merely vibrate and transmit…

…to oxygen supplies. Consequently, reduced oxygen supply would not result in ischemia, since the myocardium adapts and downregulates metabolism to avoid developing ischemia. According to…

…ventricular function — e.g ejection fraction (EF), fractional sorting (FS), etc — do not elucidate regional variations in contractile function, or the effectiveness of longitudinal, radial…

…the fact that the Purkinje fibers run through the endocardium. It is likely that conduction defects would have been more common in myocardial ischemia otherwise.