…a repair is determined before the first needle goes in. A wound that has not been irrigated clean, has not been inspected to its depth…

…the metatarsal heads, toes, heel Edge Irregular, shallow Sharp, punched out Surrounded by callus Wound bed Fibrin covered, granulating, copious exudate Dry, necrotic, pale Variable…

…a normal radiograph. Contraindications An open fracture or a wound that needs to be inspected — use a windowed splint or external fixation. Established or impending…

…local anaesthetic weal, BCG Slow, local effect Contraindications Absolute: Infection, a wound, scar tissue, a tattoo or skin disease at the injection site. Known hypersensitivity…

…a sufficient effect. Contraindications Absolute: Cellulitis, a skin wound or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint…

…studies of the urinary tract. Wound healing with a sacral pressure sore or extensive perineal wounds where urinary leakage prevents healing. Voiding problems in neurogenic…

…with poor circulation, above all the lower leg in a patient with peripheral arterial disease or diabetes — the wound may not heal. Over superficial nerves…

…g × 3 IV Extensive furunculosis flucloxacillin 1 g × 3 10 days Wound infection flucloxacillin 1 g × 3 7 days Cat bite within 2 days phenoxymethylpenicillin…

…requiring a view down into the larynx. The difficult airway rarely kills because the tube would not pass, but because the team keeps trying to…

…aside time, coach actively, and do not accept a trace you would not be prepared to show a colleague. Indications Investigation of chronic cough, dyspnoea…

…has recently been operated on, is in a cast or has extensive wounds so that the cuff cannot be applied. Place the cuff over a…

…wave to synchronise to; sync mode would block the shock entirely The patient Awake or sedated — requires sedation Unconscious In polymorphic VT, sync must be…

…5 mm over 6 months. Such growth may justify consideration of repair at a smaller diameter than would otherwise be used. Women have growth rates…

…In this post I would like to discuss hot topics related to coronary artery disease and I will emphasize on issues that are typically raised…

…plaques at high risk of rupture, or determine whether ischaemia would occur at workloads greater than those achieved during testing. Exercise ECG has become less…

…precisely, FFR compares the pressure driving flow distal to a stenosis with the pressure that would be available in the absence of that stenosis. The…

…blunt force, lacerations, gunshot wounds) Asthmatic episodes Iatrogenic events (e.g., during central venous catheter insertion) Underlying lung pathologies In cases of benign pneumothorax, positive…

…maximum) capacity of the left ventricle, as this would require measuring the ejection fraction during submaximal exercise testing. Ejection fraction reserve is the available reserve…

…there should also be ST elevation in either V2 or V4, because it is unlikely that ischemia would only be detected in one lead. Thus…

…the subclavian and jugular routes on the healthy side, since a pneumothorax there would be poorly tolerated. A patient who cannot lie flat or cannot…

…all — pacing has no documented benefit there. Transcutaneous pacing: burns or wounds in the area where the pads would go. Transvenous pacing: the relative contraindications…

…bradycardia should resolve with the onset of physical activity. Profound sinus bradycardia (<30 beats/min or sinus pauses ≥3 s) would warrant further investigation. 6…

…in unstable angina in the past two decades (many of those who would previously have been classified as unstable angina are now classified as NSTEMI…

…the absolute risk would be 3%. If 2 of those individuals were males and 1 was a female, then males would have two times as…

…repeatedly to the circumflex artery before a 60 minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) would reduce the infarct size by 60%…

…was recorded during a second, then the frequency would be 5 Hz (since 5 wave cycles are seen in 1 second). If a sound wave…

…to oxygen supplies. Consequently, reduced oxygen supply would not result in ischemia, since the myocardium adapts and downregulates metabolism to avoid developing ischemia. According to…

…wall motion abnormality and it may evidence of myocardial infarction, which would have implications for the management of this patient, regardless of the ejection fraction…

…the fact that the Purkinje fibers run through the endocardium. It is likely that conduction defects would have been more common in myocardial ischemia otherwise.