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Pleural aspiration and chest drain

…shows the most fluid, usually in the scapular line one to two intercostal spaces below the upper border of the fluid, but never below the…

Endotracheal intubation

…and respiratory acidosis, or a markedly increased work of breathing with impending exhaustion. Threatened airway obstruction: inhalation injury, anaphylaxis, deep neck infection, an expanding haematoma…

Spirometry

…Relative — avoid forced manoeuvres An ongoing respiratory infection with a risk of transmission Until symptom free Haemoptysis of unclear cause Until investigated Relative obstacles also…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…then 100 mg × 1 5–7 days Epiglottitis and other severe upper airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV Depends on the diagnosis Always…

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Treatment Principles

…Although a PAWP of 12 mmHg represents the upper limit of normal in some assessments, a threshold of ≤15 mmHg remains the recommended criterion for…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…the rest. Support your working hand against the patient's zygoma or the bridge of the nose. 4. Approach tangentially from the periphery , never through…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…should be distinguished from severe muscle injury. Myopathy is characterized by muscle symptoms accompanied by CK greater than 10 times the upper limit of no

Abscess incision and drainage

…appropriate specialty: Location Risk Management : : : Medial triangle of the face (nasal root, alae nasi, upper lip) Venous drainage towards the cavernous sinus Surgeon or ENT…

Deceased donor organ donation

…to the next of kin. Active malignancy with a risk of transmission (an individual assessment; certain tumour types are not a bar). Untreated generalised infection…

Antibiotic dosing in renal impairment: quick reference

…eGFR of 30 40 mL/min for lower urinary tract infection. At an eGFR <30 mL/min the antibacterial effect is lost. Dosed independently of…

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