…passages and choose the more patent one. Ask the patient about a previous nasal fracture or unilateral nasal obstruction. 2. Measure the depth of insertion…

…a rising pCO₂ and respiratory acidosis, or a markedly increased work of breathing with impending exhaustion. Threatened airway obstruction: inhalation injury, anaphylaxis, deep neck infection…

…range of about 15–40 Hz , and adjust the gain so that the atrial deflections are clear without clipping. 4. Estimate the depth of insertion…

…a very large or deep abscess, a markedly unwell patient with fever and systemic upset, suspected necrotising soft tissue infection, a child who cannot tolerate…

…digital block Anaesthetise from the dorsal aspect, one injection medial and one lateral to the base of the phalanx, 2–3 mL on each side…

…heart rate, ECG. References Narula et al: Time to Add a Fifth Pillar to Bedside Physical Examination: Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation, and Insonation. JAMA Cardiology.

…inspection of the legs and feet. A systolic blood pressure difference between the arms exceeding 15 mmHg is associated with a 50% higher risk of…

…Assessment of prolapse. Sampling for a suspected sexually transmitted infection — although chlamydia and gonorrhoea can be tested on urine or a self taken vaginal sample…

…poorer absorption. Injection into an arm with a dialysis fistula. Preparation and equipment Hand disinfection; gloves where there is a risk of blood contact. An…

Procedurer A corticosteroid injection into soft tissue gives rapid but time limited pain relief and rarely alters the natural history of the disease. In lateral…