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Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…acromion , in the middle of the muscle belly, within the inverted triangle formed between the acromion and the lower tip of the muscle insertion. 3…

Pleural aspiration and chest drain

…earlier era. The needle is inserted close to the upper border of the rib, never at the lower border where the neurovascular bundle lies, and…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…infectious diseases physician early in a high risk course, in instability, with resistance problems, or with suspected fungal infection 10 Document the times of triag

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…Infection or burns over the puncture site. Osteogenesis imperfecta and severe osteoporosis (relative). An inability to identify the landmarks. Choice of vein and cannula size…

Paracentesis

…first. Procedure Choice of insertion site The left lower quadrant is the first choice : the abdominal wall is thinner there than on the right, and…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

…more severe and lower the seizure threshold [6]. This explains why a history of previous withdrawal seizures or delirium tremens is one of the strongest…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…coronary syndrome Reinfarction reduced by approximately 30–40%; death reduced by approximately 35–45% Peripheral artery disease Lower risk of progression to chronic limb threat

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…undiluted syringe of 10 mg/mL makes small adjustments impossible. Procedure Intravenous titration in acute severe pain Practical points during titration: Give the injection slowly…

Lumbar puncture

…the threshold, but the threshold varies between regions. Infection of the skin over the puncture site. Marked haemodynamic instability — stabilise the patient first. CT before…

Arterial line

…an angle of 30–45 degrees , directed proximally along the course of the artery. 4. When pulsatile blood appears in the hub: lower the angle…

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