…down into the larynx. The difficult airway rarely kills because the tube would not pass, but because the team keeps trying to intubate instead of…

…after pituitary surgery or radiotherapy, or with suspected suppression of the HPA axis after long term glucocorticoid treatment. A basal morning cortisol in the grey…

Procedurer A corticosteroid injection into soft tissue gives rapid but time limited pain relief and rarely alters the natural history of the disease. In lateral…

…and respiratory acidosis, or a markedly increased work of breathing with impending exhaustion. Threatened airway obstruction: inhalation injury, anaphylaxis, deep neck infection, an expanding haematoma…

…transient, self terminating AF during ST elevation myocardial infarction may indicate an increased long term risk of stroke. In patients with acute decompensated heart failure…

…proton pump inhibitor with concomitant NSAID use or a history of ulcer, not routinely Infection Consider Pneumocystis prophylaxis with high doses over a long period…

…tap, and saline for flushing. An intraosseous drill system with needles in three lengths: short for children and slim limbs, medium for most adults, long…

…also improves the chance of success by counteracting vascular spasm. Pressure monitoring set: stiff, short tubing, a transducer, and a flush system with physiological saline…

…Pneumonia, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax and acute coronary syndrome must be actively considered [1]. Do the following early: 1. Assess airway, work of breathing…

…slowly. Rapid injection increases the risk of nicotinic effects with paradoxically increasing weakness. 6. Assess the chosen finding continuously during the window of effect, 40…