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Central venous catheter

…the most stable dressing, lowest risk of infection and thrombosis with prolonged dwell time Highest risk of pneumothorax, the vessel cannot be compressed after arterial…

Nasogastric tube

…passages and choose the more patent one. Ask the patient about a previous nasal fracture or unilateral nasal obstruction. 2. Measure the depth of insertion…

Pleural aspiration and chest drain

…inserted close to the upper border of the rib, never at the lower border where the neurovascular bundle lies, and the drainage is stopped for…

Cardiac arrest due to pneumothorax

…lack of lung tissue) and its impact on cardiac function. Clinically, patients may present with: Absent breath sounds on the affected side Crepitus Subcutaneous emphysema…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…in three lengths: short for children and slim limbs, medium for most adults, long for thick soft tissue and for the head of the humerus…

Paracentesis

…Procedure Choice of insertion site The left lower quadrant is the first choice : the abdominal wall is thinner there than on the right, and the…

Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

…the larger , since a mask that is too small leaks and gives a poorer seal. Procedure Insertion of the laryngeal mask 1. Check the mask…

Oesophageal ECG

…mouthful of water and hold it. Advance the electrode at the very moment the patient swallows — the pharyngeal muscles then guide the tip into the…

Arterial line

…course of the artery. 4. When pulsatile blood appears in the hub: lower the angle to close to the plane of the skin and advance…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…acromion , in the middle of the muscle belly, within the inverted triangle formed between the acromion and the lower tip of the muscle insertion. 3…

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