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Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…for neurological, respiratory or haemodynamic failure that cannot be corrected quickly. Rapid sequence induction is used when intubation is required [1]. In salicylate poisoning, intubation…

Antibiotic dosing in renal impairment: quick reference

…and are given for absolute eGFR in mL/min , not eGFR relative to 1.73 m². Recalculate in patients who are markedly larger or smaller…

Cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)

…in increased levels of circulating pro inflammatory cytokines that may cause plaque rupture (i.e the risk of atherosclerotic plaque rupture is increased during infections)…

Otoscopy and ear syringing

…spread of infection A small or uncooperative child Movement causes injury Preparation and equipment Otoscopy: an otoscope with a charged battery and clean disposable specula…

Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…benzodiazepine (midazolam or diazepam) is the commonest combination; propofol is used in units with airway expertise. Procedure 1. Dry the skin and shave where necessary…

Colchicine and Anti-inflammatory Therapy in Coronary Disease

…inflammatory cells to vascular lesions. The interleukin 1β pathway, with downstream effects involving interleukin 6 and C reactive protein, has been a major therapeutic…

Liver parameters

…Mild Moderate–severe Encephalopathy None Grade 1–2 Grade 3–4 Class A = 5–6 points, B = 7–9, C = 10–15…

Inclisiran and Emerging Lipid-Lowering Agents

…or biweekly injections. Inclisiran is used as an adjunct to dietary measures and maximally tolerated statin therapy, with or without other LDL C lowering drugs…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…LDL particles from the circulation. Statins also reduce production of apoB 100 containing lipoproteins and exert effects beyond LDL C reduction, including modulation of inflammation…

Cardiac arrest due to pneumothorax

…episodes Iatrogenic events (e.g., during central venous catheter insertion) Underlying lung pathologies In cases of benign pneumothorax, positive pressure ventilation can precipitate a tension…

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