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SGLT2 Inhibitors for Cardiovascular and Renal Protection

…mechanisms remain proposed explanations for observed clinical effects. Cardiovascular and renal disease associations Diabetes substantially increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke…

Inpatient insulin therapy: quick reference

…and change to an infusion or injections Drugs for type 2 diabetes in inpatients Agent The acutely ill inpatient : : Metformin Stop in acute kidney injury…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…Type 1 myocardial infarction Definition and pathophysiology Type 1 MI results from acute coronary atherothrombosis. It is usually precipitated by disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…Doses 100 mg/day during the third trimester of pregnancy. Dosage Acute myocardial infarction: Initial loading dose: 300–500 mg as soon as possible after…

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…first The induction of vomiting has no place in the modern treatment of poisoning. Charcoal also does not bind every poison. With the following substances…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…Patient related risk factors The principal determinant of risk is baseline renal function. The risk is increased by: CKD, especially advanced CKD; diabetic kidney disease…

Otoscopy and ear syringing

…spread of infection A small or uncooperative child Movement causes injury Preparation and equipment Otoscopy: an otoscope with a charged battery and clean disposable specula…

Sepsis and septic shock: quick reference for the first hour

…caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Clinically this usually corresponds to an acute increase in the SOFA score of at least 2 points…

Antibiotic dosing in renal impairment: quick reference

…eGFR of 30 40 mL/min for lower urinary tract infection. At an eGFR <30 mL/min the antibacterial effect is lost. Dosed independently of…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…chronic kidney disease, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, and cardiogenic shock. Patient related and procedural risk factors The risk of adverse events is increased by…

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