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Sepsis and septic shock: quick reference for the first hour

…vasopressor and early source control. Sepsis is a dynamic condition. Investigation and treatment must therefore proceed in parallel and must not wait for complete diagnostic…

Inpatient insulin therapy: quick reference

…without basal insulin (a so called sliding scale), gives poorer control and is not recommended as the sole regimen. Common situations Situation Management : : Fasting before…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…100 mg × 1 5–7 days Epiglottitis and other severe upper airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV Depends on the diagnosis Always assess…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…injection marks, medication patches and trauma. Remove contaminated clothing and wash the skin after external exposure A low Glasgow Coma Scale is not on its…

Clinical application of ECG in chest pain & acute myocardial infarction

…ECG criteria for acute myocardial infarction and ischemia are based on conventional 12 lead ECG. Established ECG criteria do not apply to mathematicallyderived 12 lead…

Antianginal Therapy: Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Nitrates, and Ranolazine

…exception of beta blockers in selected patients after acute myocardial infarction (MI), antianginal drugs have not been shown to improve long term cardiovascular outcomes in…

Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis from Fatty Streak to Plaque Rupture

…does not imply inevitable clinical disruption. Fewer than 5% of thin capped fibroatheromas have been identified as the source of an acute myocardial infarction during…

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…the time since ingestion, and both can harm the patient through aspiration. Contact your national or regional poison control centre before you decide, not afterwards…

Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk Management

…Weight reduction and increased physical activity can improve metabolic control and exercise capacity, even when cardiovascular event reduction is not demonstrated in every intervention study…

Exercise stress test on cycle ergometer

Procedurer The value of the exercise test lies not in ST depression alone but in the overall picture : exercise capacity, symptoms, blood pressure response, heart…

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