…ischemic or intracerebral haemorrhage may coexist with severe hypertension. The decision to lower BP in acute stroke requires attention to the type of stroke and…

…patient must leave with clear information about the symptoms that should make them seek help immediately. Indications An undisplaced or reduced fracture to be treated…

…are affected, and the incidence is particularly high after hip fracture, major surgery and intensive care [1,2]. The condition is associated with falls, aspiration…

…Expand it with 5–10 mL of saline through an intravenous cannula. 4. Tape the drawstring to a gauze pad against the cheek so that…

…distal phalanx with a subungual haematoma — manage it as an open fracture. The anatomy of the nail apparatus The terminology is hard to follow without…

…previous nasal fracture or unilateral nasal obstruction. 2. Measure the depth of insertion by laying the tube from the tip of the nose to the…

…marked hypovolaemia, head injury with impaired consciousness, biliary tract disease. There is no contraindication to analgesia in the acute abdomen . The notion that an opioid…

…a 50 mL syringe with a three way tap — intraosseous flow requires pressure ; gravity is not enough. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL to anaesthetise the marrow…

…which is often associated with fracture and requires an orthopaedic surgeon. Dislocation of a native hip (as opposed to a prosthesis) — a high risk of…

…tapering tip A larger catheter is not easier to pass. With a difficult passage it is the shape of the tip and the technique that…

…etc. Most cases of malfunction are associated with the electronics in the pulse generator or dislodgement or fracture of the leads. External causes are less…

…gaze may suggest an orbital floor fracture. 4. Topical anaesthesia into the lower fornix. 5. Evert the upper eyelid. Ask the patient to look down…

…together with a full blood count, INR, APTT and fibrinogen. 7. Give tranexamic acid where it is indicated. 8. Proceed in parallel to definitive control…

…equipment A 12 lead ECG machine able to print at 100 mm/s . A sterile oesophageal electrode, usually with colour coded connectors (red and black…

…Intracoronary imaging is encouraged to define the mechanism rather than relying on angiography alone. Factors associated with restenosis The risk of restenosis after metallic stent…

…establish a significant increase in late morbidity or mortality attributable to these events. Clinical presentation and symptoms Most patients with stent thrombosis present with ACS…

…be established. Nasopharyngeal airways may cause complications in patients with skull fractures (risk of intracranial malposition of the tube) or coagulopathy (risk of bleeding). An…

…defined as spontaneous dissection of the coronary artery wall with accumulation of blood within the false lumen, which compresses the true lumen to varying degrees…

…ulcers; everything else is supportive. But the same compression applied to a limb with arterial insufficiency can cause necrosis and, in the worst case, amputation…

…in a subgroup with diabetes was approximately 19.1%. The drug also lowers hsCRP. In a population of individuals unable or unwilling to take statins…

…segment elevations that mimic acute myocardial infarction. Acute pericarditis is a primary differential diagnosis and presents with distinct characteristics compared to transmural ischemia [4, 5]…

…criteria for complete and incomplete LBBB: Feature Complete LBBB Incomplete LBBB QRS Duration $\ge 120$ msec [3] 110 to 119 msec [3] Morphology Broad…

…The defining electrocardiographic feature is the absence of persistent ST segment elevation. This does not imply low risk: patients with NSTE ACS may have substantial…

…worldwide and are major contributors to maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Their incidence has increased in parallel with older maternal age at first…

…Determination of symptom onset time and anticipated time to primary PCI. Patients with STEMI should be monitored in a setting capable of continuous rhythm surveillance…

…Brugada syndrome. This disorder is easy to diagnose with a simple blood test and the ST segment elevations resolve after normalization of potassium levels. Brugada…

…by an inexperienced examiner it is unreliable. A single central feature is enough to proceed with urgent investigation , and a normal CT of the brain…

…human feature extraction, in principle delivering LVEF's practical advantages with better discrimination. The missing ingredient has been a training set large enough to link…

…with the hepatic LDL receptor. They lower LDL C by approximately 50–60%, including in patients receiving background statin therapy and in those unable to…