…emergency number. Contact the nearest intensive care unit with expertise in toxicological emergencies. Antidote Administer the specific antidote promptly upon suspicion of poisoning. Decontamination Disrobe…

…begins in parallel with the diagnostic work up. Obtain an interpretable 12 lead ECG within 10 minutes of first medical contact, attach continuous rhythm monitoring…

…blood count or contact with the patient's own clinic delay empirical antibiotics [1]. A practical target: give the first dose of broad spectrum antibiotics…

…the management of acute coronary syndromes with persistent ST segment elevations (i.e STEMI, ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction). 1 Initial diagnosis of STEMI…

…version 4 of 27 February 2024. The local stroke protocol and immediate contact with the on call stroke consultant or the thrombectomy centre take precedence…

…but accounts for a minority of cases Hypoactive Lethargy, slow responses, reduced speech, immobility, poor food intake, reduced eye contact Common and particularly easy to…

…the visual acuity before anything else is done. The second most important is to look for signs of perforation — Seidel's sign, an irregular pupil…

…Contact your national or regional poison control centre before you decide, not afterwards. Indications Medicinal charcoal is given after the ingestion of a potentially toxic…

…or a very strong clinical suspicion. 3. Give intravenous calcium in the presence of hyperkalaemic ECG changes or arrhythmia. 4. Shift potassium into the cells…

…a dialysis fistula. Preparation and equipment Hand disinfection; gloves where there is a risk of blood contact. An alcohol or chlorhexidine swab. Let the skin…

…products and contact with the blood bank. 3. Secure large bore access, or rapid central access, but do not delay transfusion or control of the…

…a maximum of about 8 mm. 5. Follow a systematic order: the skin of the ear canal → the colour and translucency of the tympanic…

…oxygen on a reservoir mask — this markedly shortens the half life of carbon monoxide. Contact your national or regional poison control centre regarding hyperbaric treatment…

…cardiogenic toxic shock D Plasma glucose immediately. Assess the level of consciousness, the pupils, tone, clonus and seizures. Give glucose in hypoglycaemia and a benzodiazepine…

…treatment — contact an orthopaedic surgeon before attempting reduction. Posterior shoulder dislocation, which is often associated with fracture and requires an orthopaedic surgeon. Dislocation of a…

…intracranial aneurysm Contact the responsible specialist An aortic aneurysm 6 cm Relative — avoid forced manoeuvres An ongoing respiratory infection with a risk of transmission Until…

…Akutsjukvård Lathundar Definition and aims of treatment Convulsive status epilepticus in adults is present with: an ongoing generalised tonic clonic seizure lasting at least 5…

…fold and at the same time reduces the passage of salicylate into the central nervous system. Contact your national or regional poison control centre for…

…impairment or a large residual volume. A need for accurate measurement of urine output in a critically ill patient. Perioperatively and postoperatively in longer procedures…

…leads are introduced into one of the larger veins (typically the subclavian vein) and guided further down to the heart where they contact the endocardium…

…9. Request ultrasound of the kidneys and urinary tract when a postrenal cause cannot confidently be excluded. 10. Contact nephrology early in severe, progressive or…

…fluid and early contact with anaesthesia or intensive care Refractory anaphylaxis Persisting airway, respiratory or circulatory compromise despite two adequate intramuscular doses of adrenaline and…

…call coagulation service Always in parallel: mechanical control of bleeding, tranexamic acid where it is not contraindicated, and contact with the on call coagulation service…

…haemorrhage control) planned in advance. A history of a severe transfusion reaction: contact transfusion medicine before transfusing again. Preparation and equipment Compatibility testing Test What…

…interchangeable nozzles, or a cryoprobe for contact technique. Cotton buds for small lesions (these give a more superficial and less controllable depth of freeze). A…

…rule out a possible donor on your own on grounds of age or medical history — contact the transplant coordinator and let the assessment be made…

…cannulae 0 to 10 min A blood gas with lactate, two sets of blood cultures, and a culture from the likely focus 0 to 15…

…the severity of the bleeding 7 Manage antiplatelet drugs according to their indication. Do not routinely stop aspirin given as secondary prevention 8 Contact the…

…ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Post infarction pericarditis encompasses two temporally and clinically distinct complications of acute myocardial infarction (AMI): Early infarct associated pericarditis …

…line diagnostic test in suspected acute coronary syndrome. It should be obtained immediately at first medical contact and interpreted within a target of 10 minutes…

…dislodgement, lead fracture or inadequate myocardial contact. It may also be due to the low amplitude (voltage) of the potentials generated by activated myocardium. Functional…

…in the image. If these spaces appear in any shade of gray, then the gain must be reduced. When using color Doppler, the Nyquist l

…begin to contract again. An unsynchronised shock that happens to fall in the T wave can precipitate ventricular fibrillation, and cardioversion of fibrillation of unknown…

…and pharmacological basis Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of oral agents initially developed for glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes mellitus …

…discussion of the electrophysiological principles, ECG changes and clinical implications is provided. The reader should already be familiar with the classification of acute coronary syndromes…

…contract in several directions simultaneously. The subendocardium is the muscle layer closest to the endocardium. The subendocardium has the poorest prerequisites in the case of…

…ventricle with varying orientation. This organization allows the left ventricle to contract in a highly sophisticated and effective way (Figure 1). Myocardial fibers adjacent to…

…causes a rapid influx of sodium and depolarizes the cell. Contractile cells start to contract a few milliseconds after the start of the depolarization and…

…disease, the majority of all ischemic episodes are asymptomatic (refer to The Ischemic Cascade). Acute coronary syndromes occur when atherosclerotic plaques rupture or erode, leading…

…myocardium to contract simultaneously. For this to be possible, the right leg must be intact. In the case ofblockade of the right bundle of His…

…a color sector. Myocardium moving towards the transducer is colored red, and myocardium moving away from the transducer is colored blue. The advantage of color…