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Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

Procedurer A corticosteroid injection into soft tissue gives rapid but time limited pain relief and rarely alters the natural history of the disease. In lateral…

Central venous catheter

…to make sure that never happens, and to make sure the catheter does not become the patient's next focus of infection. Indications Infusion of…

Nasogastric tube

Procedurer The insertion itself is rarely the difficult part — it is the confirmation of the position that determines whether the tube is safe. A misplaced…

Endocarditis: definitions, causes, diagnosis, echocardiography & treatment

…Figure 1. Flow chart for the investigation of suspected endocarditis. Vegetations Vegetations are ecotate masses made up of the foci of infection. Vegetations can be…

Cardiac arrest due to pneumothorax

…animal model of haemorrhageinduced traumatic cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2019; 140:37 42. Endo A, Kojima M, Hong ZJ, Otomo Y, Coimbra R. Open chest versus…

Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…report. A shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

…make later episodes more severe and lower the seizure threshold [6]. This explains why a history of previous withdrawal seizures or delirium tremens is one…

Arterial line

…aortic balloon pump. Assessment of stroke volume variation as part of fluid management. Contraindications Infection, burn or trauma over the insertion site. Insufficient collateral circulation…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…usually ruins the examination is not the technique but the handling of the specimen — an aspirate that clots before the smears are made is unusable…

Deceased donor organ donation

…out a possible donor on your own on grounds of age or medical history — contact the transplant coordinator and let the assessment be made there…

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