…with sterile water according to the volume printed on the catheter , usually 10 mL in adults. Do not use saline — the salt can crystallise and…

…A sterile oesophageal electrode, usually with colour coded connectors (red and black) and a stiffening stylet. A Rostock filter or an equivalent amplifier unit between…

…tap water or sodium chloride 9 mg/mL. The volume matters more than the fluid; irrigate under pressure through a 20 mL syringe and a…

…needle on a 2 mL syringe as a handle. A low speed rust ring burr if one is available. Sterile saline with a syringe for…

…skin and subcutis where needed, lidocaine 10 mg/mL. Sample tubes: an EDTA tube for the cell count and crystals, a sterile tube and blood…

…Sterile preparation with chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL, sterile drape, sterile gloves, mask and cap. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for local anaesthesia in the…

…Aspiration needle (iliac crest or sternal needle with stylet) and a Jamshidi type biopsy needle. Syringes: a small 5–10 mL syringe for the first…

…sterile gloves and a large full body drape. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for local anaesthesia, normal saline to flush all lumens, suture material or a…

…the skin on its own. Local anaesthesia: lidocaine 10 mg/mL, a millilitre or two intracutaneously and along the needle track, with a fine needle…

…Preparation and equipment Chlorhexidine in alcohol or an iodine solution. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL without adrenaline for the block (adrenaline is safe in fingers and…