…because of the cosmesis, often with antibiotic prophylaxis. Deep puncture wounds , where the base cannot be inspected or irrigated clean. Wounds with retained foreign material…

…risk of pneumothorax, the vessel cannot be compressed after arterial puncture, technically more difficult with ultrasound Femoral vein Fastest, and does not interfere with ongoing…

…or to resolution of the underlying cause. Contraindications Hypothermia with a body temperature below about 30 °C — the hypothermic myocardium is irritable and pacing can…

…the scan contributes. Only clinical signs of herniation halt the puncture, and antibiotics and a corticosteroid are then given immediately after blood cultures. For questions…

…punctured. Identify the diaphragm, the liver or spleen, the lung and the fluid level. 2. Choose a point with at least 15 mm depth of…

…the puncture went. Indications Unexplained cytopenia in one or more cell lines. Suspected acute leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome or myeloproliferative neoplasm. Work up and staging of…

…50 mL syringe for a knee with a large effusion, 5–10 mL for smaller joints. Local anaesthesia of the skin and subcutis where needed…

…choose a new site if in doubt Cellulitis over the insertion site Change the puncture site Preparation and equipment Ultrasound with a curved array probe…

…In shock with collapsed vessels, the antecubital fossa or the external jugular vein are the vessels that can most often still be punctured — and ultrasound…

…and note the direction. Disinfect and allow to air dry. 2. Anaesthetise the skin with a small amount of lidocaine without adrenaline (epinephrine). 3. Puncture…