…Catheter length: the right internal jugular vein requires the shortest catheter, while left sided and femoral insertions require longer ones — check the length in the…

…earlier era. The needle is inserted close to the upper border of the rib, never at the lower border where the neurovascular bundle lies, and…

…mouthful of water and hold it. Advance the electrode at the very moment the patient swallows — the pharyngeal muscles then guide the tip into the…

…and respiratory acidosis, or a markedly increased work of breathing with impending exhaustion. Threatened airway obstruction: inhalation injury, anaphylaxis, deep neck infection, an expanding haematoma…

Procedurer A corticosteroid injection into soft tissue gives rapid but time limited pain relief and rarely alters the natural history of the disease. In lateral…

…ST segment elevation followed by T wave inversion in leads V1 V4 in black athletes. C: PR interval <120 ms with a delta wave and…

…Checking an intrauterine device or a pessary. Assessment of prolapse. Sampling for a suspected sexually transmitted infection — although chlamydia and gonorrhoea can be tested on…

…Although myocardial ischemia may affect every aspect of the ECG – from heart rhythm to QTc interval – the most prominent and reliable ECG changes occur in…

…sinus rate. In the AV node, adenosine produces a transient, rate dependent prolongation of the A H interval, frequently manifesting as transient first , second , or…

…Short PR interval : The PR interval is <0.12 seconds. Delta wave : depolarization of ventricular myocardium will start where the accessory pathway inserts into the…