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Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

Procedurer Compression is the treatment that heals venous leg ulcers; everything else is supportive. But the same compression applied to a limb with arterial insufficiency…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…What usually ruins the examination is not the technique but the handling of the specimen — an aspirate that clots before the smears are made is…

Wound suturing

…contamination, not poor suture technique — and the commonest cause of permanent loss of function is a tendon injury that was sutured over without being found…

Central venous catheter

…serious error is dilating a vessel that turns out to be an artery — everything in the technique is designed to make sure that never happens…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…the conjunctival sac before anything else is done. Preparation and equipment A visual acuity chart and a pinhole. A slit lamp with a cobalt blue…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…over a protective dressing, or measure at the toe instead. Marked pain that prevents the patient from tolerating compression. Preparation and equipment Equipment: a handheld…

Abscess incision and drainage

…not treated away. Incision and drainage is the treatment; antibiotics are normally neither necessary nor sufficient in an uncomplicated cutaneous abscess in an otherwise healthy…

CPAP and non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

Procedurer CPAP and NIV are two different treatments with different physiology, and the commonest source of error is confusing them. CPAP delivers a constant pressure…

Joint aspiration

…Preparation and equipment Chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL: clean with 3–4 swabs in wide circles and let it dry for a couple of…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…proximal fold over the base of the plate. Preparation and equipment Chlorhexidine in alcohol or an iodine solution. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL without adrenaline for…

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