…an angle of 30–45 degrees , directed proximally along the course of the artery. 4. When pulsatile blood appears in the hub: lower the angle…

…myocardial ischaemia or syncope — that has not responded to atropine: Complete heart block (third degree AV block) and second degree AV block Mobitz type 2…

…and half of them have moderate or complicated defects; the remaining third have mild defects ( Baumgartner et al ). Approximately 40,000 children are born with…

…urgency varies: Object Urgency : : Button battery Immediately — leakage of fluid causes a chemical burn Two or more magnets (including in different nostrils) Immediately — pressure necrosis…

…Some factors vary from second to second (e.g. degree of ischemia, parasympathetic and sympathetic tone) while others take months or years to develop (e…

…dialysis catheter, not an ordinary triple lumen catheter). Measurement of central venous pressure and central venous oxygen saturation. Repeated blood sampling during intensive care. Exhausted…

…earlier era. The needle is inserted close to the upper border of the rib, never at the lower border where the neurovascular bundle lies, and…

…Infection or burns over the puncture site. Osteogenesis imperfecta and severe osteoporosis (relative). An inability to identify the landmarks. Choice of vein and cannula size…

…level of consciousness not attributable to hypercapnia, marked swallowing difficulty, vomiting. Haemodynamic instability or a life threatening arrhythmia. Undrained pneumothorax. Facial trauma, facial burns or…

…report. A shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible…

…the lower fornix. 5. Evert the upper eyelid. Ask the patient to look down. Grasp the eyelashes, press gently downwards on the upper border of…

…saw, protective sheeting Hot water gives faster setting and more heat production — a risk of burns Document the distal neurovascular status before casting : sensation, motor…