…as part of fluid management. Contraindications Infection, burn or trauma over the insertion site. Insufficient collateral circulation to the hand. Vascular disease in the limb:…

…hydroxide ions are generated at the negative pole of the battery and produce a liquefactive necrosis that can reach the septal cartilage within a few…

…no risk of pneumothorax Highest risk of thrombosis and contamination, immobilises the patient The right internal jugular vein is the first choice in most situations…

…capable of both CPAP and bilevel ventilation, or alternatively flow generated CPAP with a PEEP valve. Masks in several sizes. An oronasal mask is first…

…first year of life ( Triedman et al ). According to the European Society for Cardiology, 2800 adults per 1 million individuals have congenital heart defects, and…

…The absence of a slit lamp — the cornea should not be instrumented without magnification. With a suspected chemical injury the priorities are reversed: irrigate first …

…These factors interact and vary over time. Some factors vary from second to second (e.g. degree of ischemia, parasympathetic and sympathetic tone) while others…

…is inserted close to the upper border of the rib, never at the lower border where the neurovascular bundle lies, and the drainage is stopped…

…Infection or burns over the puncture site. Osteogenesis imperfecta and severe osteoporosis (relative). An inability to identify the landmarks. Choice of vein and cannula size…

…report. A shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible…

…myocardial ischaemia or syncope — that has not responded to atropine: Complete heart block (third degree AV block) and second degree AV block Mobitz type 2…

…gives faster setting and more heat production — a risk of burns Document the distal neurovascular status before casting : sensation, motor function, pulses and capillary refill…