…due to the advent of more efficacious agents with wider therapeutic to toxic windows, and its routine use in adult patients is generally discouraged. However…

…decreases and vice versa. The physiological purpose of this phenomenon is to allow for faster cardiac cycles during tachycardia (e.g during physical exertion). Therefore…

…Palpitations, syncope or cardiac arrest–particularly during physical activity–in a young adult with T wave inversions in V1–V4, or other ECG changes (see…

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and Clinical Rationale Physical activity comprises bodily movement that increases energy expenditure, including walking, household tasks, active commuting and recreational activities…

…pneumothorax and respiratory arrest [1]. The first few minutes 1. Sit the patient up and minimise physical exertion. 2. Attach continuous pulse oximetry and an…

…age, while its clinical expression and management become progressively more complex. Older adults, often defined in cardiovascular practice as those older than 75 years, are…

…with cardiovascular disease, including those recovering from myocardial infarction. It extends beyond exercise training to incorporate individualized physical activity counselling, risk factor modification, nutritional care…

…of myocardial infarction, stroke, end stage renal disease, and death may be two to six fold higher in affected adults. True, apparent, and pseudo resistant…

…pediatric patients, and young adults with congenital heart disease. Initiation Strategies Because of its ability to significantly prolong the QT interval and cause torsades de…

…keep still. Sedation is usually better than physical restraint — ketamine provides both immobilisation and less psychological trauma than being held down by three adults. Procedure…

…dyspnoea, wheeze or reduced exercise capacity. Suspected asthma or COPD — diagnosis and follow up. Risk groups: current or former smokers over 40 with respiratory symptoms…

…occur in patients with diabetes and autonomic neuropathy, as well as in older adults with markedly limited physical activity. Traditional labels such as “typical” and…

…or physiological criteria supporting revascularisation. Evaluation and Physical Examination Assessment should establish both clinical risk and the feasibility of complete revascularisation. The clinical evaluation includes…

…more drugs. Screening for primary aldosteronism Screening for primary aldosteronism with renin and aldosterone measurements should be considered in all adults with confirmed hypertension, defined…

…non chest pain manifestations are reported more frequently in females, older adults and people with diabetes. Ischaemic heart disease may also present without prominent discomfort…

…combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including: Unstable angina (UA…

…et al. Epidemiology and outcome of adult out of hospital cardiac arrest of non cardiac origin in Osaka: a population based study. BMJ Open 2014…

…Contact an infectious diseases physician early in a high risk course, in instability, with resistance problems, or with suspected fungal infection 10 Document the times…

…adult Abnormal relaxation (grade 1 dysfunction) Pseudonormal (grade 2 dysfunction) Reversible restrictive filling (grade 3 dysfunction) Irreversible restrictive filling (grade 4 dysfunction) E/A ratio…

[calc_qtc] 1 – 15 years, male and female Adult, male Adult, female Normal <440 ms <430 ms <450 ms Upper limit 440–460 ms 430…

…are taken from the recommendations of Strama Stockholm for the empirical antibiotic treatment of adults in hospital and in residential care homes (SÄBO) 2025/2026…

…it further. Starting doses in acute pain in an opioid naive adult Agent Route Starting dose Comment : : : : Morphine IV 2.5–5 mg, repeated after…

…the newborn differ markedly from adult reference values and normalise gradually through childhood. The interpretation is made in the same systematic way as in adults…

…is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or a prior heart attack and a high risk…

…arrest—the science and practice of resuscitation medicine. Kitamura T, Kiyohara K, Sakai T, et al. Epidemiology and outcome of adult out of hospital cardiac

…Transfusion thresholds in the stable, non bleeding patient Patient category Transfusion threshold (Hb) : : Most stable adult inpatients, including intensive care 70 g/L Known cardiovascular…

Procedurer The doses below apply to adults unless otherwise stated, and paediatric doses are given per kilogram with the stated maximum. Always check against the…

…worldwide. In developed nations, the prevalence of HF is approximately 1–2% in the general adult population, but this figure rises steeply with age, exceeding…

…normal and pathological pediatric and neonatal ECG The neonatal and pediatric electrocardiogram (ECG) is interpreted using the same principles as in ECG interpretation in adults…

…the electrical signals generated in the myocardium. The same ECG grid is used in children and adult patients. Recommendations for ECG recording in children Pediatric…

…less lung tissue covering the heart. Some images in adult TTE are obtained with the patient in the supine position. In order to obtain the…

…circumference Midpoint of the upper arm < 23 cm suggests undernutrition in adults Calf circumference Largest circumference < 31 cm is a screening marker for…

…median nerve lies close by. Preparation and equipment Arterial catheter, usually 20 G in an adult; a smaller size in children. A set with an…

…depth Patient Internal diameter (mm) Depth at the teeth (cm) : : : Adult woman 7.0–7.5 21 Adult man 7.5–8.0 23 Child…

…or suspected perforation Gastric lavage An unprotected or unsecured airway in a patient with a reduced level of consciousness Gastric lavage Corrosive injury or suspected…

…the patient down. Injection Needle Angle Maximum volume per site : : : : Deltoid, adult 23–25 G, 25 mm 90° 1–2 mL Deltoid, BMI 35 or…

…and a nasopharyngeal airway. Surgical airway equipment out and opened in a known or suspected difficult airway: a size 10 scalpel, a bougie and a…

…pressure. A value of around 0.9 to 1.0 or higher in an adult trauma patient suggests significant hypovolaemia and an increased transfusion requirement…

…failure without the possibility of monitoring. Paralytic ileus and suspected obstructive ileus (an opioid can be given for the pain, but the effect on the…

…kg intravenously in symptomatic salicylate poisoning. For an adult this corresponds to the order of 100–200 mL of the 50 mg/mL solution. 6…

…particularly in older adults. Consequently, an adult with bridging and a substantial proximal atherosclerotic burden should be considered and treated in the same broad category…

…Measurement Who should be tested? Current recommendations support measuring Lp(a) at least once in every adult’s lifetime. Testing is particularly relevant in: individuals…

…in the evaluation of pulmonary vascular and right heart pathology. In adults with clinical suspicion of pulmonary hypertension (PH), such as unexplained dyspnea on exertion…

…normal saline. Storage : room temperature. Dosage Adults Initial dose : 6 mg Wait 60 seconds before attempting a second dose. Second dose : 12 mg. Wait 60…

…et al. Epidemiology and outcome of adult out of hospital cardiac arrest of non cardiac origin in Osaka: a population based study. BMJ Open 2014…

…et al. Epidemiology and outcome of adult out of hospital cardiac arrest of non cardiac origin in Osaka: a population based study. BMJ Open 2014…

…et al. Epidemiology and outcome of adult out of hospital cardiac arrest of non cardiac origin in Osaka: a population based study. BMJ Open 2014…

…et al. Epidemiology and outcome of adult out of hospital cardiac arrest of non cardiac origin in Osaka: a population based study. BMJ Open 2014…

…with suspected CHD. Echocardiography provides detailed morphological and functional information. The vast majority of cases can be characterized by echocardiography. In comparison with adult subjects…

…worldwide have hypertension. Symptoms of hypertension Hypertension is most often asymptomatic. The high prevalence and asymptomatic nature of the disease motivates liberal screening among adult

Akutsjukvård Psykiatri Lathundar Delirium in older adults: quick reference A quick reference for ward and on call physicians: recognise hypoactive delirium, stabilise the patient, work…

…thresholds are intrinsically arbitrary. A fit 75 year old may be able to follow a treatment strategy used in younger adults, whereas a markedly frail…

Referensvärden The normal values below apply to adults in sinus rhythm, recorded at a paper speed of 50 mm/s with 1 mV = 10…

Info [calc_vernakalant] Indications for vernakalant Vernakalant (Brinavess) is indicated in adults for chemical conversion of recent onset atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. Vernakalant is…

CPR Poisoning and drug toxicity In adolescents and young adults, intoxication events leading to cardiac arrest are notably prevalent, primarily due to the misuse of…

Neurologi Akutsjukvård Lathundar Definition and aims of treatment Convulsive status epilepticus in adults is present with: an ongoing generalised tonic clonic seizure lasting at least…

…pulmonic) regurgitation Pulmonary regurgitation is also called pulmonic regurgitation . The majority of all adults exhibit a small pulmonary regurgitation, which is considered a normal finding…

Infektionssjukdomar Akutsjukvård Lathundar Purpose and scope A quick reference for the doctor on call faced with suspected sepsis in adults: rapid recognition, microbiological sampling, empirical…