…classification Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy comprise chronic or pre existing hypertension, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia. Collectively, they affect approximately 5–15% of pregnancies worldwide and…

…in the supine position in a cardiac arrest. For women beyond the 20 th week of pregnancy, or when the fundal height surpasses the umbilicus…

…Duration of treatment: at least 3 months. Extended treatment in unprovoked pulmonary embolism, a persisting risk factor, or recurrence. Special situations Situation Comment : : Pregnancy Leg…

…in 20–30% of patients, while clinically evident restenosis, manifested by recurrent angina attributable to the treated segment, occurred in 10–15% during the first…

…The choice of recording is governed by the frequency of symptoms: Symptom interval Method : : Daily 24 hour Holter A few times per week 48–72…

…eGFR 30 mL/min. At an eGFR of 15–30 mL/min the documentation is inadequate and closer monitoring is required. Dabigatran is contraindicated at…

…ruler in the image. A reduction in size of 40% within four weeks predicts healing — failure to shrink should prompt reconsideration of the diagnosis. 3…

Procedurer The test measures the ability of the adrenal cortex to respond to maximal ACTH stimulation, and it is rarely the injection itself that determines…

…0.5 to 1.5 µg/mL, though greater arrhythmia suppression may occur up to 3.5 µg/mL at the cost of increased toxicity…

…lesions (these give a more superficial and less controllable depth of freeze). A size 15 scalpel or a pumice stone to pare down hyperkeratotic lesions…

…sparingly Prepatellar and olecranon bursitis The bursa Exclude septic bursitis first Injection is considered when 4–6 weeks of adequate conservative treatment — modification of loading…

…Warfarin has a narrow therapeutic index, a half life of several days and more than a hundred clinically relevant interactions. What determines whether the treatment…

[calc_qtc] 1 – 15 years, male and female Adult, male Adult, female Normal <440 ms <430 ms <450 ms Upper limit 440–460 ms 430…

…Intravenous antibiotics Drug eGFR 90 60 89 30 59 15 29 <15 : : : : : : Benzylpenicillin 1 3 g three times daily 1 3 g three times daily…

…Aortic annulus 20 31 mm 12 14 mm/m2 Sinuses of Valsalva 29 45 mm 15 20 mm/m2 Sinotubular junction 22 36 mm 13…

…for. Ventilation In ARDS: a tidal volume of 4–8 mL/kg ideal body weight, a plateau pressure ≤ 30 cmH₂O, a driving pressure ≤ 15 cmH₂O…

…20 31 mm 12 14 mm/m2 Sinus valsalva 29 45 mm 15 20 mm/m2 Sinotubular junction 22 36 mm 13 17 mm/m2…

…to 15 mg every 5 to 15 minutes as necessary. Continuous infusion: Start infusion at 0.1 mg/min and increase in increments of 0…

…plaque, and the severity and distribution of coronary stenosis. Modern cardiac CT can acquire a three dimensional cardiac dataset within approximately 5–15 seconds, with…

…conceal sarcopenia), in oedema and ascites, and in people under 18 years of age, where iso BMI or percentile charts should be used. Waist circumference…

…edoxaban Prothrombin complex concentrate, consider within 15 hours of the last dose. Andexanet alfa where available Low molecular weight heparin Protamine has only a partial…

Referensvärden A diagnosis of hypertension is not made on a single reading. It requires repeated measurements on at least two occasions, and preferably confirmation by…

…Ferritin 15–300 µg/L (women 10–150) An acute phase protein — a normal ferritin does not exclude iron deficiency in the presence of inflammation…

…Always follow the local protocol for exact infusion rates, electrolyte concentrations and level of care. This quick reference is intended primarily for adults and summarises…

…venous measurement [5]. Treatment The awake patient who can swallow safely Give 15 to 20 g of rapid acting carbohydrate orally . Suitable options are: glucose

…why, or the patient at risk of carbon dioxide retention is given 15 litres on a reservoir mask and drifts off into a respiratory acidosis…

…Method of interpretation Heart rate Heart rhythm The P wave The PR interval The QRS complex The ST segment The T wave The U wave…

…< 15 Kidney failure Albuminuria Albuminuria is an independent risk marker for both kidney failure and cardiovascular death — a patient with an eGFR of 70…

…and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose Initial dose:…

…the effect of enalaprilat, and may cause severe hypotension. Time to onset of action 15 to 30 minutes. Peak effect Within hours. Duration of effect…

…minutes Duration of action 30 to 60 minutes Delivery IV Dose Initial infusion dose: 0.1 μg/kg/minute iv. Titrated at 15 minutes…

…to risk of hypotension. Clevidipine doses and administration in hypertension. Nicardipine Drug Nicardipine Brand names Cardene ® Indications Hypertension, hypertensive emergency/crisis. Pregnancy induced hypertension…

…of action 20 minutes Duration of action 5 to 8 hours Delivery IV Dose 1.25 to 5 mg IV followed by 2.5–15…

…Pregnancy induced hypertension. Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Mechanism of action Nicardipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB). Nicardipine inhibits the influx of extracellular…

…55) 10–140 (66) 9–115 (61) 11–133 (58) 15 – 110 QRS duration 21–76 22–67 21–68 22–79 23–75 22…

…5% 5,0% 12,2% 5 5,6% 8,5% 14,3% 6 7 6,5% 15,8% 20,9% Interpretation of TIMI Risk Score…

…rhythm within 15 minutes after the end of the infusion. Recommended second dose : 2 mg/kg, given over 10 minutes. Maximum infusion of 226 mg…

…weekly in females or at least 15 drinks weekly in males, or binge drinking in either sex. Other definitions of unhealthy drinking include at least…

…m², the probability of coronary artery disease (CAD) increases in an approximately linear manner. At an eGFR of 15 mL/min/1.73 m², cardiovascular…

…1.5 mm All patients Other leads Greater than or equal to 1 mm These criteria for the other leads apply in the absence of…

…C reduction Ezetimibe monotherapy Up to 20% Ezetimibe added to a statin Additional 15–20% Ezetimibe with simvastatin after recent ACS Approximately 20–25% additional…

ECG Pediatric ECG interpretation Principles of pediatric & neonatal ECG interpretation Pediatric and neonatal ECG interpretation follows the same principles as ECG interpretation in adults, but…

…With contemporary imaging, LV thrombus has been reported in as many as 15% of patients after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), with rates approaching…

…reflow rates may reach 15%–20%, substantially exceeding those seen with native vessel PCI. Mechanisms The principal mechanism is distal embolization of atheromatous and thrombotic…

…a threshold of ≤15 mmHg remains the recommended criterion for precapillary PH, partly because this value has been used in therapeutic studies of pulmonary arterial…

…to 15% Possible effects on erythropoietin activity and erythropoiesis SGLT2 inhibition may also activate adenosine 5′ monophosphate activated protein kinase and inhibit mammalian target of…

…abnormalities of ischaemia include depletion of glycogen, relaxation of myofibrils, and disruption of the sarcolemma. These changes may appear within 10–15 minutes of ischaemia…

…to save 1 person Reference Early detection of cardiac arrest BLS 11 Berdowski et al Bystander CPR BLS 15 Hasselqvist et al Early defibrillation BLS…

…to save 1 person Reference Early detection of cardiac arrest Yes 11 Berdowski et al Bystander CPR Yes 15 Hasselqvist et al Early defibrillation Yes…

…on the demonstration of spontaneous or provokable elevated left ventricular (LV) filling pressures, defined invasively as a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) ≥15 mmHg at…

…to risk of hypotension. Clevidipine doses and administration in hypertension. Nicardipine Drug Nicardipine Brand names Cardene ® Indications Hypertension, hypertensive emergency/crisis. Pregnancy induced hypertension…

ECG Principles of pediatric & neonatal ECG interpretation Pediatric and neonatal ECG interpretation follow the same principles as ECG interpretation in adults, but there are important…

…radiotracers emit gamma photons directly. These gamma rays are detected by gamma cameras to create tomographic images of the left ventricle. In PET (Positron Emission…

…55) 10–140 (66) 9–115 (61) 11–133 (58) 15 – 110 QRS duration 21–76 22–67 21–68 22–79 23–75 22…

…with defibrillation, is sufficient to resuscitate 10 15% of out of hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) and 30 40% of in hospital cardiac arrests (IHCA; Jerkeman…

…and this is repeated rapidly. To create an image sector of 90° width and 15 cm depth, approximately 200 ultrasound lines are required and this…

…< 7.35 Bilevel NIV IPAP 12–15 and EPAP 4–5 cmH₂O Increase the IPAP in steps of 2–3 cmH₂O every 5–10…

…maximum of 3 mg 0.02 mg/kg, minimum 0.1 mg, maximum 0.5 mg For bradycardia with compromise Isoprenaline 0.02–0.15…

…compression. The reason compression nevertheless so often fails is that it is done wrongly: the patient pinches the nasal bone instead of the soft part…

…line is necessary to achieve an optimal result. Overview of vasopressors and inotropes Vasoconstriction Vasodilatation Positive inotropy Phenylephrine Vasopressin Midodrine Noradrenaline Adrenaline, high dose Dopamine…