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Wound suturing

…abrasions and small wounds under about 5 mm often do better with adhesive strips, tissue adhesive or a dressing alone. Contraindications Primary closure must be…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…clinical suspicion leads only to unnecessary antibiotics. 5. Biopsy any ulcer that has not healed within three months despite adequate treatment — malignancy (Marjolin's ulcer…

Casting and immobilisation

…a normal radiograph. Contraindications An open fracture or a wound that needs to be inspected — use a windowed splint or external fixation. Established or impending…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…BCG Slow, local effect Contraindications Absolute: Infection, a wound, scar tissue, a tattoo or skin disease at the injection site. Known hypersensitivity to the preparation…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

Procedurer A corticosteroid injection into soft tissue gives rapid but time limited pain relief and rarely alters the natural history of the disease. In lateral…

Urinary catheterisation

…curves and a prostate that can grip; the female urethra is only 3–5 cm and almost straight, but the meatus can be hard to…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…benign tissue requires about −25 °C for reliable cell death, malignant tissue about −50 °C. The outer limit of the ice front is only at…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…Skin and soft tissue Diagnosis Agent Dose Duration : : : : Erysipelas phenoxymethylpenicillin 1 g × 3 (2 g × 3 if weight 90 kg) 10 days or benzylpenicillin 1…

Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

…requiring a view down into the larynx. The difficult airway rarely kills because the tube would not pass, but because the team keeps trying to…

Spirometry

Procedurer Spirometry is the only investigation that distinguishes obstructive from restrictive impairment of lung function, and COPD cannot be diagnosed without it . The quality of…

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