…compression. The reason compression nevertheless so often fails is that it is done wrongly: the patient pinches the nasal bone instead of the soft part…

…the patient gets too little oxygen but that the prescription has no target — the nasal cannula stays in place for days without anyone asking why…

…handled routinely in primary care or in the emergency department without contacting the appropriate specialty: Location Risk Management : : : Medial triangle of the face (nasal root…

…Atelectasis and postoperative hypoxaemia. Hypoxaemic failure where high flow nasal oxygen is insufficient and the carbon dioxide is normal. Bilevel NIV: Acute exacerbation of COPD…

…can cause perforation in seven hours. Indications Every foreign body in the ear canal or the nasal cavity must be removed. The urgency varies: Object…

…after ingestion of a caustic substance Absolute Choanal atresia or an occluded nasal passage Relative Oesophageal varices or recent oesophageal or gastric surgery Relative Marked…

…with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hay fever, or nasal polyps (increased risk of hypersensitivity reactions, such as asthma attacks, angioedema, or urticaria with…

…the neck of the fibula). The eyelid margins, the cartilage of the nasal tip, the free edge of the pinna. Autoimmune disease with Raynaud's…

…a rising pCO₂ and respiratory acidosis, or a markedly increased work of breathing with impending exhaustion. Threatened airway obstruction: inhalation injury, anaphylaxis, deep neck infection…

…difficulties that prevent the patient from cooperating. Suspected base of skull fracture or marked coagulopathy argues against the nasal route; the oral route may then…