…unusable, no matter how well the puncture went. Indications Unexplained cytopenia in one or more cell lines. Suspected acute leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome or myeloproliferative neoplasm…

…than mast cell mediated, distinguishing it from classic allergic reactions. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms ACE Inhibitor Induced Cough ACE inhibitor induced cough occurs in 5…

…who declines blood transfusion. The decision must be documented and alternatives (iron, tranexamic acid, cell salvage, haemorrhage control) planned in advance. A history of a…

…in place for days without anyone asking why, or the patient at risk of carbon dioxide retention is given 15 litres on a reservoir mask…

…and the cell membranes collapse whereby cellular proteins are released into the circulation. It is possible to detect elevated levels of myocardial proteins in blood…

…severe, myocardial necrosis. It most commonly reflects atherothrombosis: disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque followed by platelet activation and coagulation, with formation of an intraluminal thrombus…

…The cardiac cycle starts when cells in the sinoatrial node discharge an action potential that spreads as an electrical impulse through the atria and – via…

…studies in stroke, which differs pathophysiologically from cardiac arrest. In stroke, neuronal cell death begins in the central ischemic zone, where the ischemia is most…

…the margin must be included in the freeze. Contraindications Absolute: Suspected melanoma or any other pigmented lesion of uncertain diagnosis. A lesion in which histology…

…A corticosteroid must never be injected into a joint in which infection has not been excluded. Indications Acute monoarthritis in which septic arthritis must be…

Prepare for clinical practice and the Cardiology Board Exam with our comprehensive quiz, designed based on the most recent AHA, ACC, and ESC guidelines. The…