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Pleural aspiration and chest drain

…Diagnostic aspiration: a 21 G (green) or 22 G needle, a 50 mL syringe, a three way tap. Therapeutic aspiration: a commercial aspiration set or…

Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Cardiac troponins, ECG & Symptoms

…is based on the following three components: Cardiac troponins – Elevation of cardiac troponins in peripheral blood is mandatory to establish a diagnosis of myocardial infarction…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…be considered anginal equivalents. The emergency evaluation of non traumatic chest discomfort is structured around three principal diagnostic categories: Myocardial ischaemia , particularly acute coronary syndrome…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…NSTEMI and unstable angina. Management begins in parallel with the diagnostic work up. Obtain an interpretable 12 lead ECG within 10 minutes of first medical…

Paracentesis

…layers. Diagnostic tap: 21–22 G needle, 20 mL and 50 mL syringes. Therapeutic drainage: a commercial paracentesis set or a catheter over needle, 16…

Pulmonary embolism: quick reference for risk stratification and treatment

… An unstable pulmonary embolism is a reperfusion problem; a stable pulmonary embolism is a diagnostic pathway. The unstable patient Hypotension (systolic < 90 mmHg for…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…An ABI ≤ 0.90 is diagnostic of peripheral arterial disease and at the same time indicates a substantially increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke…

Sepsis and septic shock: quick reference for the first hour

…Sepsis is a dynamic condition. Investigation and treatment must therefore proceed in parallel and must not wait for complete diagnostic certainty. Sepsis is defined as…

Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…punch in a case of bullous dermatosis misses the subepidermal split. Choose the technique according to the diagnostic question, not according to what is quickest…

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Definitions and Initial Triage

…in symptoms or clinical signs, with or without diagnostic electrocardiographic abnormalities and with or without an acute rise in cardiac troponin. The spectrum ranges from…

Courses
The Normal ECG: From Normality to Pathology

…course you will learn all about the normal ECG, normal variants and diagnosis of pathological findings. A total of 8 lessons will guide you through…

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