Articles & courses

Articles
Central venous catheter

…to keep the dressing clean with a tracheostomy or copious secretions Subclavian vein Most comfortable for the patient, the most stable dressing, lowest risk of…

CPAP and non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

…cmH₂O Increase the IPAP in steps of 2–3 cmH₂O every 5–10 min towards 20–25 cmH₂O according to tolerance and pCO₂ SpO₂ 88…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…Infection or burns over the puncture site. Osteogenesis imperfecta and severe osteoporosis (relative). An inability to identify the landmarks. Choice of vein and cannula size…

Pleural aspiration and chest drain

…the trough level or pause the drug according to local practice Relative Skin infection, herpes zoster or burns over the puncture site Relative Mechanical ventilation…

Causes of sudden cardiac arrest

…Classification of causes of cardiac arrest according to the Utstein protocol. Figure 1. Data from the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry (SCRR), showing presumed causes of…

Casting and immobilisation

…saw, protective sheeting Hot water gives faster setting and more heat production — a risk of burns Document the distal neurovascular status before casting : sensation, motor…

Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…delay pacing in order to try yet another dose. Chronotropic support is given as an infusion of isoprenaline, adrenaline or dopamine according to local practice…

Arterial line

…Assessment of stroke volume variation as part of fluid management. Contraindications Infection, burn or trauma over the insertion site. Insufficient collateral circulation to the hand…

Foreign body in the ear and nose

…supported against the patient's nose and cheek . Open the speculum upwards–downwards, never sideways without support. 4. Choose the technique according to the propert

Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…electrocoagulation. A pot of 4 % formalin, and for immunofluorescence Michel's medium or saline according to local procedure. Photograph and draw in the site before…

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