…mediated. Pericardial injury, necrosis, bleeding, or pleural incision may expose cardiac antigens and initiate an inflammatory response. The presence of antibodies directed against cardiac tissue…

…been assessed for tendon and nerve injury will heal badly however neatly the suture is placed. The commonest cause of wound infection is retained contamination…

…eye injury is to measure and document the visual acuity before anything else is done. The second most important is to look for signs of…

…superficial components may detach and embolize systemically. Observational data indicate approximately a fourfold greater risk of embolic events in patients with LV thrombus than in…

…temple, the accessory nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck, and the superficial nerves of the forearm and the dorsum of the hand. Preparation…

…and a warm, well perfused hand carry more weight. Choice of vessel The radial artery is the first choice : superficial, easy to compress, with a…

…Over superficial nerves (the lateral aspects of the fingers, the ulnar groove, the neck of the fibula). The eyelid margins, the cartilage of the nasal…

Procedurer A corticosteroid injection into soft tissue gives rapid but time limited pain relief and rarely alters the natural history of the disease. In lateral…

…exposure of thrombogenic material. Superficial plaque erosion. Thrombosis associated with a calcified nodule. Epicardial or microvascular coronary spasm. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Coronary embolism of…

Procedurer Three of the commonest minor procedures in general practice concern the nails, and all three rest on the same foundation: an effective digital block…

…lies most superficially, where the distance from the skin is shortest, and where no liver, lung or vessel lies in the path of the needle…