CPR Hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia Hyperthermia is characterized by a body temperature exceeding the typical range of 36.5 37.6°C (97.7 99.7°F…

…Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac channelopathy characterized by prolonged ventricular repolarization, which predisposes individuals to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes…

…crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is defined as significantly elevated blood pressure (systolic pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent…

…crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is defined as significantly elevated blood pressure (systolic pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent…

…Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac channelopathy characterized by prolonged ventricular repolarization, which predisposes individuals to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes…

…malignant ventricular arrhythmias, or sudden cardiac death. The resulting extensive ischemia causes immediate myocardial stunning (akinesia) and electrical instability. Fewer than 1% of patients with…

…benign tissue requires about −25 °C for reliable cell death, malignant tissue about −50 °C. The outer limit of the ice front is only at…

…organ damage. Isolated malignant retinopathy without other acute organ damage can often be treated more cautiously with oral drugs under careful observation [3,4]. A…

…Suspected malignancy, tuberculous pleurisy or chylothorax. Therapeutic aspiration: dyspnoea caused by a pleural effusion, whatever the aetiology. Chest drainage: empyema, complicated parapneumonic effusion with a…

…complications Renal involvement may manifest as deterioration in renal function and urinary abnormalities. Malignant hypertension may cause acute microangiopathy, with renal, retinal, and cerebral involvement…

…does not imply low risk: patients with NSTE ACS may have substantial myocardial ischaemia, dynamic ECG abnormalities, myocardial necrosis, haemodynamic deterioration, heart failure, malignant arrhythmias…

…Management Definition and Clinical Characteristics Torsades de pointes (TdP) represents a multifactorial clinical entity typically associated with drug induced long QT syndrome (DI LQTS) [1]…

…al). ARVC is more malignant in men, the reason for which remains elusive. Gene mutations can be confirmed in roughly 60% of individuals with ARVC…

…of the myocardium; in these cases, the tumor can debut with ventricular arrhythmias that result in asystole and sudden death. In echocardiography, tumour should be…

…of accumulation and the compliance of the pericardium. Rapid accumulation may cause tamponade with a relatively small volume, whereas a slowly enlarging effusion may reach…

…Coronary angiography remains primarily an anatomical examination, whereas contemporary decision making increasingly combines anatomical imaging with functional assessment. A central practical principle is that the…

…and an intramural course. An anomalous left coronary artery is less common but more malignant than an anomalous right coronary artery. Anomalous origin of a…

…QT dispersion. Increased QT dispersion is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This is presumably explained by a higher incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias. It…

…High PRS burdens correlate with a more severe electrocardiographic phenotype, a higher likelihood of positive provocation testing, and an increased risk of malignant arrhythmic events …

…Ventricular tachycardia Ventricular fibrillation Cardiac arrest with or without sudden cardiac death Hence, the Brugada syndrome is a highly malignant disorder that must be recognized…

…Any heart rate faster than 100 beats per minute is defined as tachycardia , which is synonymous with tachyarrhythmia. Except for sinus tachycardia during physical activity…

…split. Choose the technique according to the diagnostic question, not according to what is quickest. Indications Suspected malignancy: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma…

…pregnancy or malignancy. A markedly raised GGT with the other tests normal is most often enzyme induction by alcohol or drugs and is often of…

…multiple sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis. Meningeal carcinomatosis and CNS involvement in haematological malignancy. Investigation of dementia with biomarkers (amyloid, tau, phospho tau). Measurement…

…with ascites: fever, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, rising creatinine, gastrointestinal bleeding, leucocytosis or acidosis. Suspected malignancy, tuberculous peritonitis or pancreatic ascites. Therapeutic paracentesis: Tense ascites with…

…and always urgent. A large pericardial effusion with symptoms despite medical treatment. Diagnostic drainage in suspected purulent pericarditis, tuberculosis or malignancy. Tamponade is a clinical…

…mmHg for 15 minutes, or a need for a vasopressor), obstructive shock or cardiac arrest with suspected pulmonary embolism. Urgent bedside echocardiography, looking for right…

…a Dieulafoy lesion, angiodysplasia, malignancy and an aortoenteric fistula. Variceal bleeding generally has a higher early mortality than non variceal bleeding [1,2]. Upper gastrointestinal…

…g. malignancy, amyloidosis). In case of suspicion of pericardial disease, in the first place, an echocardiographic examination is done. With echocardiography, good conditions are obtained…

…Pilonidal abscess, hidradenitis abscess and paronychia with a collection of pus. Persistent painful induration after a few days of antibiotics — suggests that an abscess has…

…through statements made to the next of kin. Active malignancy with a risk of transmission (an individual assessment; certain tumour types are not a bar…

…months despite adequate treatment — malignancy (Marjolin's ulcer, basal cell carcinoma) and vasculitis do occur. Wound debridement 1. Cleanse with lukewarm tap water or saline…

…imaging, the blood count or contact with the patient's own clinic delay empirical antibiotics [1]. A practical target: give the first dose of broad…

…chest discomfort requires a systematic differential diagnosis, as the syndrome associated with ischemic heart disease is broader than chest pain itself, encompassing symptoms like tightness…