CPR Hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia Hyperthermia is characterized by a body temperature exceeding the typical range of 36.5 37.6°C (97.7 99.7°F…

…to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes. This condition is primarily attributed to specific genetic mutations: loss of function mutations in KCNQ1 (LQT1) and…

…patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine can cause reflex tachycardia. • Contraindicated in severe aortic stenosis due to risk of hypotension. Clevidipine doses and administration in…

…patients with acute heart failure. • Clevidipine can cause reflex tachycardia. • Contraindicated in severe aortic stenosis due to risk of hypotension. Clevidipine doses and administration in…

…to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes. This condition is primarily attributed to specific genetic mutations: loss of function mutations in KCNQ1 (LQT1) and…

…e. 10 15% of cases). Clinically, patients present with severe chest pain, diaphoresis, hypotension, pulmonary edema, malignant arrhythmias, and rapid progression to cardiogenic shock. Ventricular…

…a cryoprobe for contact technique. Cotton buds for small lesions (these give a more superficial and less controllable depth of freeze). A size 15 scalpel…

…creatinine, acid–base status and signs of myocardial ischaemia must be monitored during treatment [4,6]. Important exceptions Condition Overall strategy Common first choices : : : Acute…

…new pleural effusion of unclear cause. An effusion not confidently explained by heart failure must be aspirated. Suspected empyema or complicated parapneumonic effusion. Suspected malignancy…

…encephalopathy, acute heart failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and abrupt deterioration in renal function. By contrast, hypertensive urgency describes severe hypertension without clinical evidence of acute…

…deterioration, heart failure, malignant arrhythmias, or mechanical complications. Risk assessment is intended to identify patients most likely to benefit from early coronary angiography and revascularization…

…inhibition of cytochrome P450 metabolism [1]. Nonmodifiable risk factors encompass female sex, underlying genetic predisposition, structural heart disease, and diabetes [1]. Although TdP and subsequent…

…syndrome). The prevalence of ARVC is between 0.02 and 0.05% in Europe (Corrado et al). ARVC is more malignant in men, the reason…

…constitute a minority of cardiac tumors, occur in the heart tissue. Approximately 80% of all primary tumors are benign, and the remaining ones are malignant…

…a life threatening clinical syndrome in which increased intrapericardial pressure compresses the heart and impairs ventricular filling. It generally results from accumulation of pericardial fluid…

…considered more malignant than anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. High risk anatomical features include: An interarterial course between the aorta and pulmonary artery…

…the abnormality through increased myocardial contractility and heart rate. Coronary compression and a Venturi or “suction” effect have been proposed as mechanisms of inducible ischaemia…

…morbidity and mortality. This is presumably explained by a higher incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias. It has been suggested that the high risk of ventricular…

…likelihood of positive provocation testing, and an increased risk of malignant arrhythmic events (MAEs) [10] . Electrophysiological Mechanisms: Repolarization vs. Depolarization The precise arrhythmogenic mechanism of…

…a highly malignant disorder that must be recognized by any health care provider. A family history of any of the above listed symptoms and manifestations…

…on practical diagnostic and therapeutic considerations, with recommendations aligned with current guidelines from both the American Heart Association (AHA) and American College of Cardiology (ACC…

…report. A shave biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible…

…or malignancy. A markedly raised GGT with the other tests normal is most often enzyme induction by alcohol or drugs and is often of no…

…Meningeal carcinomatosis and CNS involvement in haematological malignancy. Investigation of dementia with biomarkers (amyloid, tau, phospho tau). Measurement of the opening pressure in suspected idiopathic…

…Procedure Choice of insertion site The left lower quadrant is the first choice : the abdominal wall is thinner there than on the right, and the…

…a raised filling pressure Marked respiratory variation in mitral and tricuspid inflow The echocardiographic counterpart of pulsus paradoxus Contraindications In overt tamponade with shock there…

…cent. An sPESI of 0 indicates low risk. Anticoagulation A DOAC is the first choice in pulmonary embolism without malignancy and without antiphospholipid syndrome. The…

…commonest cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, but the differential diagnosis includes oesophagitis, gastritis, a Mallory Weiss tear, a Dieulafoy lesion, angiodysplasia, malignancy and an aortoenteric…

…ventricles and surrounding structures. The pericardium provides some fixation of the heart in the mediastinum. The heart is fixed to the larger vessels and diaphragm…

…and perirectal Often larger than it appears; risk of fistula Surgeon, often operative management Breast Cosmesis, milk ducts, malignancy differential Surgeon or mammography Sole of…

…determine the outcome — that the confirmation of death is carried out in a formally unimpeachable way, and that the donor's organs are maintained physiologically…

…0.5 or toe pressure < 30 mmHg. Decompensated heart failure — compression of both legs acutely increases preload. Untreated deep vein thrombosis in the acute…

…neutropenic fever is limited, but delayed antibiotics are associated with a worse outcome in sepsis and in several studies of neutropenic patients. In septic shock…

…Features: Pleuritic pain suggests pulmonary infarction, and a history of pain exacerbation with inspiration, along with a pleural friction rub, helps differentiate it from angina…