CPR Hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia Hyperthermia is characterized by a body temperature exceeding the typical range of 36.5 37.6°C (97.7 99.7°F…

…Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac channelopathy characterized by prolonged ventricular repolarization, which predisposes individuals to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes…

Info This drug manual is provided for use in patients with hypertensive emergency (also referred to as hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is…

Cardiology This drug manual is provided for use in patients with hypertensive emergency (also referred to as hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is…

…Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac channelopathy characterized by prolonged ventricular repolarization, which predisposes individuals to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes…

…Acute obstruction can lead to rapid hemodynamic deterioration, cardiogenic shock, malignant ventricular arrhythmias, or sudden cardiac death. The resulting extensive ischemia causes immediate myocardial stunning…

…benign tissue requires about −25 °C for reliable cell death, malignant tissue about −50 °C. The outer limit of the ice front is only at…

…levels, particularly in pregnancy [1,2]. Malignant hypertension is not entirely synonymous with a hypertensive emergency. The term denotes severe hypertension with advanced hypertensive retinopathy…

…explained by heart failure must be aspirated. Suspected empyema or complicated parapneumonic effusion. Suspected malignancy, tuberculous pleurisy or chylothorax. Therapeutic aspiration: dyspnoea caused by a…

…or other vascular beds. Malignant hypertension represents an extreme form in which acute microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the…

…haemodynamic deterioration, heart failure, malignant arrhythmias, or mechanical complications. Risk assessment is intended to identify patients most likely to benefit from early coronary angiography and…

…1]. Nonmodifiable risk factors encompass female sex, underlying genetic predisposition, structural heart disease, and diabetes [1]. Although TdP and subsequent sudden death are rare, the…

…Naxos disease, Carvajal syndrome). The prevalence of ARVC is between 0.02 and 0.05% in Europe (Corrado et al). ARVC is more malignant in…

…Approximately 80% of all primary tumors are benign, and the remaining ones are malignant. • Secondary cardiac tumours have spread to the heart by metastasis or…

…associations include: Idiopathic or viral pericarditis Malignant pericardial disease Tuberculosis Purulent or bacterial pericarditis Trauma Cardiac surgery and other iatrogenic cardiovascular procedures Acute aortic disease…

Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Introduction Clinical assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) requires integration of symptoms, cardiovascular risk, coronary anatomy, myocardial ischaemia, ventricular function…

…cause local coronary injury over time. Atherosclerotic disease appears more likely to develop in the arterial segment proximal to the bridge, particularly in older adults…

…be seen in hypocalcemia and during digoxin treatment. It is very rare but may cause malignant arrhythmias. QT dispersion The QT interval varies somewhat in…

…up to 20% of sudden cardiac deaths in patients without structural heart disease and is the leading cause of SCD in men under the age…

…sudden cardiac death Hence, the Brugada syndrome is a highly malignant disorder that must be recognized by any health care provider. A family history of…

…task is to clarify the cause of the tachycardia. The cause may range from benign to highly malignant, which is why expeditious management is warranted…

…split. Choose the technique according to the diagnostic question, not according to what is quickest. Indications Suspected malignancy: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma…

…and the speed of the course. An AST/ALT ratio 2 with moderately raised values suggests alcohol related liver disease; a ratio < 1 suggests…

…or another CNS infection. Suspected inflammatory disease: multiple sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, autoimmune encephalitis. Meningeal carcinomatosis and CNS involvement in haematological malignancy. Investigation of dementia…

…rising creatinine, gastrointestinal bleeding, leucocytosis or acidosis. Suspected malignancy, tuberculous peritonitis or pancreatic ascites. Therapeutic paracentesis: Tense ascites with abdominal discomfort, early satiety or respiratory…

…despite medical treatment. Diagnostic drainage in suspected purulent pericarditis, tuberculosis or malignancy. Tamponade is a clinical diagnosis supported by echocardiography: Finding Comment : : Hypotension, distended neck…

…1.5 Previous deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism 1.5 Haemoptysis 1 Active malignancy 1 Two level interpretation: ≤ 4 points means pulmonary embolism unlikely…

…a Dieulafoy lesion, angiodysplasia, malignancy and an aortoenteric fistula. Variceal bleeding generally has a higher early mortality than non variceal bleeding [1,2]. Upper gastrointestinal…

…underlying cause is often serious (e. g. malignancy, amyloidosis). In case of suspicion of pericardial disease, in the first place, an echocardiographic examination is done…

…milk ducts, malignancy differential Surgeon or mammography Sole of the foot Deep compartments Orthopaedic surgeon Close to large vessels, in the groin or on the…

…through statements made to the next of kin. Active malignancy with a risk of transmission (an individual assessment; certain tumour types are not a bar…

…5. Biopsy any ulcer that has not healed within three months despite adequate treatment — malignancy (Marjolin's ulcer, basal cell carcinoma) and vasculitis do occur…

…after a course of chemotherapy, but the timing varies considerably between regimens. Neutropenia can also be caused by haematological malignancy, stem cell transplantation, immunosuppressive drugs…

…chest discomfort requires a systematic differential diagnosis, as the syndrome associated with ischemic heart disease is broader than chest pain itself, encompassing symptoms like tightness…