…the cooling process. Malignant hyperthermia Malignant hyperthermia may manifest under two primary circumstances: Due to a genetic mutation in the RYR1 receptor, resulting in persistent…

…a higher incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias. It has been suggested that the high risk of ventricular arrhythmias is due to the vulnerability caused by…

…also be caused by haematological malignancy, stem cell transplantation, immunosuppressive drugs, radiotherapy, bone marrow failure and certain targeted cancer treatments. Fever is not obligatory Hypothermia…

…In LQT3 patients, where arrhythmias often occur at rest due to late sodium current augmentation, the sodium channel blocker mexiletine has demonstrated efficacy in shortening…

…heart failure. • Clevidipine can cause reflex tachycardia. • Contraindicated in severe aortic stenosis due to risk of hypotension. Clevidipine doses and administration in hypertension. Nicardipine Drug…

…heart failure. • Clevidipine can cause reflex tachycardia. • Contraindicated in severe aortic stenosis due to risk of hypotension. Clevidipine doses and administration in hypertension. Nicardipine Drug…

…In LQT3 patients, where arrhythmias often occur at rest due to late sodium current augmentation, the sodium channel blocker mexiletine has demonstrated efficacy in shortening…

…pulmonary edema, malignant arrhythmias, and rapid progression to cardiogenic shock. Ventricular fibrillation or asystole may occur early due to the massive ischemia. Complete LMCA occlusion…

…benign tissue requires about −25 °C for reliable cell death, malignant tissue about −50 °C. The outer limit of the ice front is only at…

Kardiologi Akutsjukvård Intensivvård Lathundar Clinical use This overview is a quick reference to the intravenous antihypertensive drugs used in a hypertensive emergency. It summarises the…

…explained by heart failure must be aspirated. Suspected empyema or complicated parapneumonic effusion. Suspected malignancy, tuberculous pleurisy or chylothorax. Therapeutic aspiration: dyspnoea caused by a…

…or other vascular beds. Malignant hypertension represents an extreme form in which acute microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the…

…heart failure, malignant arrhythmias, or mechanical complications. Risk assessment is intended to identify patients most likely to benefit from early coronary angiography and revascularization, while…

…malignant ventricular arrhythmias requires a structured approach focusing on rhythm stabilization, relief of triggers, and reduction of sympathetic drive [4]. Rhythm Stabilization In addition to…

…ARVC is between 0.02 and 0.05% in Europe (Corrado et al). ARVC is more malignant in men, the reason for which remains elusive…

…are benign, and the remaining ones are malignant. • Secondary cardiac tumours have spread to the heart by metastasis or invasion from surrounding tissue. Differential Diagnostics…

…death. The volume required to produce tamponade depends principally on the rate of accumulation and the compliance of the pericardium. Rapid accumulation may cause tamponade…

…lesion that appears moderate may be functionally important, while an anatomically severe lesion may not identify the patient most likely to benefit from intervention. Conversely…

…the diagnostic method. Myocardial bridging has been identified in approximately 0.5–12% of angiographic series and up to 5–75% of CT series; other…

…BrS is responsible for up to 20% of sudden cardiac deaths in patients without structural heart disease and is the leading cause of SCD in…

…even sudden cardiac death. The Brugada brothers also noted that the syndrome – which was named the Brugada syndrome – appeared to be hereditary, since many patients…

…tachycardias should be considered pathological and the task is to clarify the cause of the tachycardia. The cause may range from benign to highly malignant…

…the subepidermal split. Choose the technique according to the diagnostic question, not according to what is quickest. Indications Suspected malignancy: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell…

…isolated raised ALP — check the GGT. A normal GGT shifts the suspicion to bone, pregnancy or malignancy. A markedly raised GGT with the other tests…

…known malignancy, immunosuppression, papilloedema or new focal neurological signs — CT is performed first. Preparation and equipment Informed consent, coagulation status and an up to date…

…rising creatinine, gastrointestinal bleeding, leucocytosis or acidosis. Suspected malignancy, tuberculous peritonitis or pancreatic ascites. Therapeutic paracentesis: Tense ascites with abdominal discomfort, early satiety or respiratory…

…a defibrillator to hand. Sterile gown and gloves, chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL, a large fenestrated drape. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for local anaesthesia…

…unless there is an absolute contraindication. The agent and dose are according to the local protocol. Alternatives when there is a contraindication: catheter directed treatment…

…or prolonged endoscopic intervention a need for general anaesthesia for other reasons. Extubate as soon as it is safe to do so after the endoscopy…

…disease, it is important to conduct a careful investigation as several conditions may affect hemodynamics and the underlying cause is often serious (e. g. malignancy…

…milk ducts, malignancy differential Surgeon or mammography Sole of the foot Deep compartments Orthopaedic surgeon Close to large vessels, in the groin or on the…

…on a donor card, or through statements made to the next of kin. Active malignancy with a risk of transmission (an individual assessment; certain tumour…

…clinical suspicion leads only to unnecessary antibiotics. 5. Biopsy any ulcer that has not healed within three months despite adequate treatment — malignancy (Marjolin's ulcer…

…that mimics angina pectoris [5]. This pain is thought to result from right ventricular ischemia that develops during physical exertion [5]. Associated Findings: Exertional dyspnea…