…cell carcinoma — these can be treated with cryotherapy by an experienced practitioner in selected cases, but surgery is the standard. Dark skin: a risk of…

…what is quickest. Indications Suspected malignancy: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma. An unclear inflammatory dermatosis in which the histology governs treatment. Suspected bullous…

…treatment — malignancy (Marjolin's ulcer, basal cell carcinoma) and vasculitis do occur. Wound debridement 1. Cleanse with lukewarm tap water or saline; showering the leg…

CPR Hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia Hyperthermia is characterized by a body temperature exceeding the typical range of 36.5 37.6°C (97.7 99.7°F…

…G. (2022). Independent validation and clinical implications of the risk prediction model for long QT syndrome (1 2 3 LQTS Risk). EP Europace, 24(4…

…malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is defined as significantly elevated blood pressure (systolic pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of…

…malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is defined as significantly elevated blood pressure (systolic pressure ≥180 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥120 mmHg) with concurrent signs of…

…G. (2022). Independent validation and clinical implications of the risk prediction model for long QT syndrome (1 2 3 LQTS Risk). EP Europace , 24(4…

…occlusion is a rare but catastrophic manifestation of acute coronary syndromes. The LMCA supplies a large myocardial territory through the left anterior descending (LAD) and…

…Condition Overall strategy Common first choices : : : Acute aortic syndrome Immediate rate control and rapid reduction of the systolic blood pressure towards 100 to 120 mmHg…

…whatever the aetiology. Chest drainage: empyema, complicated parapneumonic effusion with a pH below 7.20, haemothorax, a symptomatic or large pneumothorax, recurrent malignant effusion (often…

…vascular beds. Malignant hypertension represents an extreme form in which acute microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the kidneys, retina…

…and cardiac arrest after presentation are markers of very high risk. They require immediate escalation because the priority is to identify and treat an obstructive…

…antiarrhythmic agents depending on the specific drug and dosage [1]. Acute Management and Treatment Alternatives The management of TdP and related malignant ventricular arrhythmias requires…

…The prevalence of ARVC is between 0.02 and 0.05% in Europe (Corrado et al). ARVC is more malignant in men, the reason for…

…structures. Polypoid myxomas are large; they have a smooth surface and a nucleus that often exhibits cavities, which consist of hemorrhages in the tumor. Polypoid…

…even without a large circumferential effusion. Causes Tamponade shares the causes of pericardial effusion. Important clinical associations include: Idiopathic or viral pericarditis Malignant pericardial disease…

…is considered more malignant than anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. High risk anatomical features include: An interarterial course between the aorta and pulmonary…

…is less common but more malignant than an anomalous right coronary artery. Anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the pulmonary artery can result in…

…is the QT dispersion. Increased QT dispersion is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This is presumably explained by a higher incidence of malignant ventricular…

…increased risk of malignant arrhythmic events (MAEs) [10] . Electrophysiological Mechanisms: Repolarization vs. Depolarization The precise arrhythmogenic mechanism of BrS remains a subject of intense debate…

…the Brugada syndrome is a highly malignant disorder that must be recognized by any health care provider. A family history of any of the above…

…cause of the tachycardia. The cause may range from benign to highly malignant, which is why expeditious management is warranted. Initial management includes assessing the…

…or malignancy. A markedly raised GGT with the other tests normal is most often enzyme induction by alcohol or drugs and is often of no…

…carcinomatosis and CNS involvement in haematological malignancy. Investigation of dementia with biomarkers (amyloid, tau, phospho tau). Measurement of the opening pressure in suspected idiopathic intracranial…

…is rarely used in large volume ascites. Diagnostic paracentesis 1. Scan the left lower quadrant. Confirm at least 2–3 cm of free fluid depth…

…the only absolute indication, and always urgent. A large pericardial effusion with symptoms despite medical treatment. Diagnostic drainage in suspected purulent pericarditis, tuberculosis or malignancy…

…An sPESI of 0 indicates low risk. Anticoagulation A DOAC is the first choice in pulmonary embolism without malignancy and without antiphospholipid syndrome. The doses…

…remains the commonest cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, but the differential diagnosis includes oesophagitis, gastritis, a Mallory Weiss tear, a Dieulafoy lesion, angiodysplasia, malignancy and…

…cysts and tumors of the pericardium, as well as congenital malformations leading to an incomplete or absent pericardium. In case of suspicion of pericardial disease…

…malignancy differential Surgeon or mammography Sole of the foot Deep compartments Orthopaedic surgeon Close to large vessels, in the groin or on the neck Bleeding…

…or through statements made to the next of kin. Active malignancy with a risk of transmission (an individual assessment; certain tumour types are not a…

…occurs 7 to 14 days after a course of chemotherapy, but the timing varies considerably between regimens. Neutropenia can also be caused by haematological malignancy…

…Malignancy: A history suggesting an autoimmune disorder or known malignancy may suggest specific, nonidiopathic etiologies [2]. Summary of Pain Characteristics The following table synthesizes the…