…may occur up to 3.5 µg/mL at the cost of increased toxicity risk. In routine clinical practice, amiodarone plasma levels are rarely useful…

…Lathundar About this quick reference Treatment protocols differ between regions. Always follow the local protocol for exact infusion rates, electrolyte concentrations and level of care…

…more stress, often corticosteroids, often impaired renal function. Prescribe basal insulin, mealtime insulin and the correction dose as three separate entries on the drug chart…

…the initial sympathetic response can give way to hypotension, hypoxia, hypoglycaemia and circulatory failure [5]. Plasma glucose immediately Check the capillary or venous glucose i

…and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose Initial dose:…

…and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose Initial dose:…

…following the infusion. This delayed onset is attributable to its active metabolite, which reaches maximum plasma concentration approximately 48 hours after the infusion has been…

…Level Plasma potassium Management : : : Mild 5.5 to 5.9 mmol/L Confirm the value, address the cause, assess renal function and the rate of…

…metabolite with a half life exceeding 80 hours, allowing for sustained hemodynamic effects for days after the infusion is discontinued. Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) acts primarily as…

…probe, a sterile probe cover and sterile gel. Chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL for skin disinfection. Allow it to air dry completely before puncture…

…life : : : : Hydrocortisone (cortisol) 20 mg Marked Short, 8–12 hours Prednisolone 5 mg Moderate Intermediate, 12–36 hours Methylprednisolone 4 mg Low Intermediate Betamethasone 0…

…and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose Initial dose:…

…bolus over 1 minute. Infusion start dose: 25–50 μg/kg/min. Maximum infusion dose: 300 μg/kg/min. Bolus doses of 300…

…Time to onset of action 50 to 10 minutes Duration of action 30 to 60 minutes Delivery IV Dose Initial infusion dose: 0.1 μ…

…treatment : Start infusion at 5 mg/hour. Increase by 2.5 mg/hour every 20 min to desired blood pressure. Maximum infusion rate 25 mg…

…mg every 10 minutes to a total dose of 300 mg. Infusion regime : • 0.5–2 mg/minute IV infusion. Higher doses are sometimes required…

…to onset of action 5 to 15 minutes Duration of action 1.5 to 5 hours Delivery IV Dose 5–15 mg/hour IV infusion…

…2 to 5 minutes Duration of action 5 to 10 minutes Delivery IV Dose Initial infusion dose: 5 μg/min. Increase by 5 10…

…Delivery IV Dose Infusion: Starting dose: 0.25 to 0.5 μg/kg/minute. Increased as necessary (increments of 0.5 μg/kg…

…IV Dose Bolus injection : 5 to 15 mg every 5 to 15 minutes as necessary. Continuous infusion: Start infusion at 0.1 mg/min and…

…mg (56.5 mL of the 4 mg/mL solution) may be administered. After cardiac surgery : No dose adjustments are necessary. Impaired renal function : No…

…repeat after 3 5 minutes. If intramuscular epinephrine is inadequate, consider an intravenous bolus of epinephrine (20 50 μg) or an epinephrine infusion (0…

…to 0.01 ml/kg. The maximum single dose is 0.5 mg, corresponding to 0.5 ml. Adults are usually given 0.5 mg…

…If there is no response, give glucagon 1–5 mg IV followed by an infusion. Arrhythmias Drug Adult Child Comment : : : : Adenosine 6 mg as a…

…and an infusion solution. A pulse oximeter, a blood pressure cuff, a clock. The respiratory rate is counted manually. Naloxone 0.4 mg/mL out…

…delay pacing in order to try yet another dose. Chronotropic support is given as an infusion of isoprenaline, adrenaline or dopamine according to local practice…

…adult this corresponds to the order of 100–200 mL of the 50 mg/mL solution. 6. Continue with a continuous infusion of sodium bicarbonate …

…Bradycardia (second line alternative) Infusion : 0.01 to 0.10 μg/kg/min Bolus : 1 mg IV every 3 to 5 min (max 0…

…an event. EPS can thoroughly assess AV conduction and may include the infusion of agents to stress the AV node and His Purkinje system, such…

…Bradycardia (second line alternative) Infusion : 0.01 to 0.10 μg/kg/min Bolus : 1 mg IV every 3 to 5 min (max 0…

…2–5 mg/h infusion Antidote to beta blockers. Calcium Counteracts calcium channel blockers (CCB). Antidote to CCBs. 10 ml calcium 0.2 mmol/ml…

CPR Hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia Hyperthermia is characterized by a body temperature exceeding the typical range of 36.5 37.6°C (97.7 99.7°F)…

…shockable initial rhythm More patients with a good neurological outcome (CPC 1–2) at 90 days, 10.2 % versus 5.7 %; no difference in mortality…

…not treated away. Incision and drainage is the treatment; antibiotics are normally neither necessary nor sufficient in an uncomplicated cutaneous abscess in an otherwise healthy…

…is being applied anyway), a 27 G needle, a 5 mL syringe. A tourniquet: a Penrose drain with artery forceps, or the cut off finger…

…The varying inclusion criteria in these registries explain the marked differences in characteristics and outcomes across the data sources for out of hospital cardiac arrest…

…necrosis, bleeding, or pleural incision may expose cardiac antigens and initiate an inflammatory response. The presence of antibodies directed against cardiac tissue, the latent interval…

…the remaining ones are malignant. • Secondary cardiac tumours have spread to the heart by metastasis or invasion from surrounding tissue. Differential Diagnostics There are several…

…should be small — a few tenths of a millilitre, at most about 0.5 mL. A larger volume draws in peripheral blood and dilutes the…

…Shunt Fraction (Qp/Qs) : [ \text{Qp/Qs} = \frac{\text{Aortic SV}}{\text{Pulmonic SV}} ] Interpretation : Qp/Qs 1.5 : Significant left to right shunt…