…metabolite with a half life exceeding 80 hours, allowing for sustained hemodynamic effects for days after the infusion is discontinued. Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) acts primarily as…

…Lathundar About this quick reference Treatment protocols differ between regions. Always follow the local protocol for exact infusion rates, electrolyte concentrations and level of care…

…probe, a sterile probe cover and sterile gel. Chlorhexidine in alcohol 5 mg/mL for skin disinfection. Allow it to air dry completely before puncture…

…Low Intermediate Betamethasone 0.6 mg None Long, 36–54 hours Dexamethasone 0.75 mg None Long, 36–54 hours The equivalences apply to the…

…of drug, formulations and infusion rates may differ. Always follow the current hospital protocol and check the strength and the maximum infusion rate. Rapid overview…

…and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose Initial dose:…

…Dose Loading dose: 500 μg/kg bolus over 1 minute. Infusion start dose: 25–50 μg/kg/min. Maximum infusion dose: 300 μ…

…minutes Delivery IV Dose Initial infusion dose: 0.1 μg/kg/minute iv. Titrated at 15 minutes intervals. Maximum infusion dose: 1.6 μ…

…20 min to desired blood pressure. Maximum infusion rate 5 mg/hour. • Antihypertensive treatment : Start infusion at 5 mg/hour. Increase by 2.5 mg…

…and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose Initial dose:…

…minutes Duration of action 2 to 4 hours Delivery IV Dose Can be given as repeated intravenous bolus injections or as a constant dose infusion…

…to onset of action 5 to 15 minutes Duration of action 1.5 to 5 hours Delivery IV Dose 5–15 mg/hour IV infusion…

…to onset of action 2 to 5 minutes Duration of action 5 to 10 minutes Delivery IV Dose Initial infusion dose: 5 μg/min…

…to 1 minute Duration of action 1 to 10 minutes Delivery IV Dose Infusion: Starting dose: 0.25 to 0.5 μg/kg/minute…

…to 15 minutes as necessary. Continuous infusion: Start infusion at 0.1 mg/min and increase in increments of 0.1 mg. Adverse effects Tachycardia…

…given over 10 minutes. Maximum infusion of 226 mg, which is 56,5 ml of the 4 mg/ml solution. Cumulative doses of more than…

…94%. Provide an intravenous or intraosseous fluid bolus, beginning with 500 ml of normal saline over 5 10 minutes, adjusting based on response. If hypotension…

…and nicardipine in hypertensive emergencies. Time to onset of action 2 4 minutes Duration of action 5 15 minutes Delivery IV (infusion). Dose Initial dose:…

…central venous catheter). The hemodynamic effects persist for 7–10 days after the end of infusion. Refer to Table 2 for a comparison between levosimendan…

…during anaesthesia, a drug infusion or the administration of contrast medium Skin symptoms are absent in approximately 10 to 20 percent of anaphylactic reactions. The…

…diluted to 0.1 mg/mL 1 µg/kg, titrated Fluid 500–1,000 mL Ringer's acetate rapidly 20 mL/kg Nebulised adrenaline 2…

…Enteral or parenteral nutrition Insulin is needed around the clock. A continuous infusion or repeated doses, according to the local protocol Renal failure The insulin…

…and an infusion solution. A pulse oximeter, a blood pressure cuff, a clock. The respiratory rate is counted manually. Naloxone 0.4 mg/mL out…

…delay pacing in order to try yet another dose. Chronotropic support is given as an infusion of isoprenaline, adrenaline or dopamine according to local practice…

…adult this corresponds to the order of 100–200 mL of the 50 mg/mL solution. 6. Continue with a continuous infusion of sodium bicarbonate …

…Epinephrine Shock (any) Cardiac arrest Bronchospasm Anaphylaxis Bradycardia (second line alternative) Infusion : 0.01 to 0.10 μg/kg/min Bolus : 1 mg IV…

…doses, averaging approximately 0.5 mg/L (0.5 µg/mL) for each 100 mg/day at doses between 100 and 600 mg/day. Therapeutic…

…an event. EPS can thoroughly assess AV conduction and may include the infusion of agents to stress the AV node and His Purkinje system, such…

…Epinephrine Shock (any) Cardiac arrest Bronchospasm Anaphylaxis Bradycardia (second line alternative) Infusion : 0.01 to 0.10 μg/kg/min Bolus : 1 mg IV…

…5 mg/h infusion Antidote to beta blockers. Calcium Counteracts calcium channel blockers (CCB). Antidote to CCBs. 10 ml calcium 0.2 mmol/ml iv…

…dizziness, syncope. Cold environment. Cold intravenous fluids (1 2 L crystalloid, with rate 500 ml/h). Cold shower. Ice packs. Heat stroke ( 40°C) Neurological symptoms…

…Insert at least one functioning intravenous cannula. Stop potassium infusions and temporarily withdraw drugs that can raise the potassium. Assess the urine output and ask…

…often enough: undressing the patient, lowering the room temperature, a fan, paracetamol, cold infusions. A ventilator, an arterial line, a central venous catheter, ECG monitoring…

…not treated away. Incision and drainage is the treatment; antibiotics are normally neither necessary nor sufficient in an uncomplicated cutaneous abscess in an otherwise healthy…

…Indications Condition Procedure : : Acute paronychia with fluctuance or visible pus Incision and drainage Acute paronychia without pus formation Antibiotics and soaks alone Ingrown nail with…

…The varying inclusion criteria in these registries explain the marked differences in characteristics and outcomes across the data sources for out of hospital cardiac arrest…

…necrosis, bleeding, or pleural incision may expose cardiac antigens and initiate an inflammatory response. The presence of antibodies directed against cardiac tissue, the latent interval…

…the remaining ones are malignant. • Secondary cardiac tumours have spread to the heart by metastasis or invasion from surrounding tissue. Differential Diagnostics There are several…

…with stylet) and a Jamshidi type biopsy needle. Syringes: a small 5–10 mL syringe for the first aspirate, larger syringes for the tube specimens…

…not hold in all patients. Error in Calculation : The original formula’s inclusion of “ 100” for Qp/Qs is likely a typo; standard practice uses…