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Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…thrombotic syndrome. Differential diagnosis Feature Venous ulcer Arterial ulcer Diabetic foot ulcer : : : : Site Gaiter area, above the medial malleolus Toes, heel, lateral malleolus, pressure points…

Reduction of dislocations

…patient resists internal rotation. Check the axillary nerve: sensation over the lateral part of the deltoid before and after the reduction , together with the distal…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…Its visible distal part is the lunula. The matrix horns are the lateral extensions of the matrix, reaching out to the sides beneath the nail…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…A single central feature is enough to proceed with urgent investigation , and a normal CT of the brain does not exclude an infarction in the…

Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…dislodgement, lead fracture or inadequate myocardial contact. It may also be due to the low amplitude (voltage) of the potentials generated by activated myocardium. Functional…

Casting and immobilisation

…dislocation. Immobilisation of a ligament injury, a tendon injury, or after suturing over a joint. Pain relief and stabilisation for transfer in a suspected fracture…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…swelling. A vein suspected of thrombosis or previously thrombophlebitic. Intraosseous access (absolute, for the bone in question): A fracture of the bone to be punctured…

Nasogastric tube

…stricture or a known diverticulum Relative Recent nasal or pharyngeal surgery Signs that should raise the suspicion of a base of skull fracture: periorbital bruising…

Massive haemorrhage and transfusion: quick reference

…major haemorrhage protocol early. Protocols improve above all the logistics, the communication and the simultaneous delivery of red cells, plasma and platelets. Observational data from…

Epistaxis — compression, cautery and anterior nasal packing

…The contralateral side of the septum already cauterised — bilateral cautery carries a risk of perforation Anterior packing: Suspected base of skull fracture or a significant…

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