…liver, lung or vessel lies in the path of the needle. Access Puncture site Direction Comment : : : : Subxiphoid 1–2 cm below and to the left

…is because it does not ensure complete drainage of the pericardium, and needles or catheters are at risk of bending or damage during chest compressions…

…scalpel until pus appears. Take a culture from the wall of the cavity before irrigating. 5. Let the pus drain out. Empty it with gentle…

…spicules are left behind — which is the commonest cause of recurrence. Indications Condition Procedure : : Acute paronychia with fluctuance or visible pus Incision and drainage Acute…

…Diagnostic paracentesis 1. Scan the left lower quadrant. Confirm at least 2–3 cm of free fluid depth with no bowel in the path of…

…and the drainage is stopped for coughing, chest pain, or when the volume limit is reached. Indications Diagnostic aspiration: a new pleural effusion of unclear…

…Etiologies of tension pneumothorax include: Traumatic injuries (blunt force, lacerations, gunshot wounds) Asthmatic episodes Iatrogenic events (e.g., during central venous catheter insertion) Underlying lung…

…equipment A laryngeal mask of the correct size plus one size above and one below. Second generation masks with a separate drainage channel (i gel…

…of the opening pressure in suspected idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Therapeutic drainage in idiopathic intracranial hypertension and in assessment before shunt surgery. Contraindications Clinical signs of…

…and dangerous in a few. The male urethra is about 25 cm long with two curves and a prostate that can grip; the female urethra…