…atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, and hemodynamically compromising ventricular tachycardia, while defibrillation (unsynchronized shock) is reserved for ventricular fibrillation, where urgent reversion to sinus rhythm…

…The sinus node is a small oval structure located near the entrance of the superior vena cava in the right atrium (Figure 1). The sinus…

…emphasis on the heart position in the thorax, the atrial situs viscerum, the vein atrial and the atrio ventricular connections, the relationship between the ventricles…

…arises when the volume of air is substantial enough to compress the superior and inferior vena cava, impeding or halting venous return to the heart…

…abandoning the procedure. Choice of site The posterior superior iliac spine is the standard site for both aspiration and biopsy in adults. Here the posterior…

…concomitant drug/alcohol use. Some studies suggest HAS BLED has comparable or slightly superior predictive capability for major bleeding compared to ATRIA. ORBIT: Includes factors…

…HEMORR₂HAGES bleeding risk score is a clinical tool developed to assess the risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on anticoagulation therapy…

…and travels in a counterclockwise direction. The activation wavefront propagates in a craniocaudal direction down the right atrial free wall, traverses the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI…

…ST elevation. Multiple studies have demonstrated the superior sensitivity of OMI criteria—including subtle and nontraditional ECG patterns such as De Winter T waves, Wellens…

ECG Hypertrophy and dilatation Principles of atrial and ventricular enlargement (hypertrophy and dilatation) Cardiac chamber enlargement refers to abnormally large atria or abnormally large ventricles…

Procedurer What determines the outcome of a central venous catheter insertion is decided before the needle goes in: the choice of site, the use of…

…larger volumes and depot preparations; safer than the dorsogluteal site because the sciatic nerve and the superior gluteal artery are avoided. The patient lies on…

…bearing skin. 5. Direct the jet upwards and backwards along the superior wall of the ear canal , past the plug — not straight at it. The…

…The site lies about 3–5 cm superior and medial to the anterior superior iliac spine and lateral to the lateral border of the rectus…

…adherence, although prospective outcome trials have not directly established that upfront combination therapy is superior to upfront monotherapy for every patient with isolated hypertension. Single…

…Meanwhile, deoxygenated blood in the superior vena cava (which returns blood from the head and upper limbs) also enters the right atrium. Oxygenated and deoxygenated…

…Meanwhile, deoxygenated blood in the superior vena cava (which returns blood from the head and upper limbs) also enters the right atrium. Oxygenated and deoxygenated…

…present the limb leads in their anatomically contiguous manner; that is, from left superior basal to right inferior. In other words, the following order: aVL…

…treated with thrombolysis, because reperfusion may be inadequate and/or transient with thrombolysis therapy (PCI is superior to thrombolysis also in this aspect). Guidelines recommend…

…sac impedes venous return to the right atrium. Similarly, in tension pneumothorax, the elevated intrathoracic pressure obstructs the venous return via the superior and infer

…the right atrium. It normally consists of three leaflets (anterior, posterior and septal leaflet). The leaflets are attached to the subvalvular apparatus, consisting of the…

…or inflammation around the object. A small, smooth or transparent object lying posteriorly or superiorly. Attempts already made and failed elsewhere. A child who cannot…

…widely recognized and validated tool used to assess the one year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are taking anticoagulants…

…neck or lower jaw. Discomfort may extend superiorly as far as the occipital region but typically does not radiate below the umbilicus. Epigastric or subxiphoid…