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Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…biopsy of a pigmented lesion that turns out to be a melanoma can make the Breslow thickness unmeasurable and staging therefore impossible; a superficial punch…

Arterial line

…vascular surgery in the area. Coagulopathy and thrombolytic treatment are relative contraindications and are an argument for a superficial, compressible vessel. Allen's test is…

Wound suturing

…because the edges are held apart. A wound through the full thickness of the dermis, particularly over joints and in cosmetically sensitive areas. Superficial wounds…

Left Ventricular Thrombus After Myocardial Infarction

…Ongoing or newly recognized LV systolic dysfunction. A patient may also present because of complications of the underlying infarction or LV remodeling, including heart failure…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…the lower leg in a patient with peripheral arterial disease or diabetes — the wound may not heal. Over superficial nerves (the lateral aspects of the…

Eye examination and corneal foreign body

…under the upper eyelid. 7. Seidel's sign: apply fluorescein generously and look under blue light. A dark stream of aqueous humour breaking through the…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…trochanteric injection; 25–27 G, 25 mm for the carpal tunnel, de Quervain's and trigger finger. Syringes of 3, 5 and 10 mL, artery…

Post-Infarction Pericarditis and Dressler Syndrome

…including subacute rupture. Evaluation and physical examination The diagnosis of pericarditis is clinical and is supported by additional findings. A definite diagnosis requires a compatible…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…disease. Pathophysiology Mechanisms of acute coronary syndrome The major mechanisms producing acute coronary syndromes are: Plaque rupture with exposure of thrombogenic material. Superficial plaque erosion…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…Hutchinson's sign). An open fracture of the distal phalanx with a subungual haematoma — manage it as an open fracture. The anatomy of the nail…

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