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Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…the metatarsal heads, toes, heel Edge Irregular, shallow Sharp, punched out Surrounded by callus Wound bed Fibrin covered, granulating, copious exudate Dry, necrotic, pale Variable…

Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…from a fresh blister (routine), one from perilesional skin (immunofluorescence) The immunofluorescence biopsy goes into Michel's medium, not formalin Suspected vasculitis 4 mm punch…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…anything whose diagnosis you have not established. Indications Lesion Freeze time per cycle Number of cycles Margin : : : : Actinic keratosis, thin 5–10 s 1 1…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…airway, breathing or circulation. Skin symptoms may be absent, and circulatory shock does not have to be present for the condition to be serious [1]…

Casting and immobilisation

…comes after the injury, not before — and that an edge or a fold presses on a bony prominence until the skin breaks down. An acute…

The ECG leads: Electrodes, limb leads, chest (precordial) leads and the 12-Lead ECG

…and ECG electrodes . An electrode is a conductive pad that is attached to the skin and enables the recording of electrical currents. An ECG lead…

Abscess incision and drainage

…perianally. Indications Fluctuant, tender, erythematous and indurated swelling in the skin or subcutis. Pilonidal abscess, hidradenitis abscess and paronychia with a collection of pus. Persistent…

Anthropometric measurements

…at the end of expiration, with the tape horizontal and without compressing the skin. Ratios and other measurements Measurement Calculation Threshold : : : Waist–hip ratio Waist…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…low platelet counts, followed by compression. Infection in the skin overlying the puncture site. Previous pelvic irradiation on the intended side (yields fibrotic, unrepresentative marrow…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…skin prick testing, a local anaesthetic weal, BCG Slow, local effect Contraindications Absolute: Infection, a wound, scar tissue, a tattoo or skin disease at the…

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