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Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…on an irregular surface. Petroleum jelly around the lesion to protect the surrounding skin. Eye protection and gloves for the operator. Explain before treatment that…

Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…Variable, often deep Pain Moderate, relieved by elevation Severe, worse on elevation, better when dependent Often painless (neuropathy) Surrounding skin Hyperpigmentation, oedema, lipodermatosclerosis, eczema Pale…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…wash the skin after external exposure A low Glasgow Coma Scale is not on its own an absolute indication for intubation. Assess ventilation, airway protection…

Otoscopy and ear syringing

…the ear. 4. Insert the catheter tip no more than 0.5 cm into the ear canal, not beyond the hair bearing skin. 5. Direct…

Casting and immobilisation

…the cast Padding The wadding that protects the skin and the bony prominences Plaster bandages and plaster slabs (calcium sulfate) Mouldable, cheap, heavier, less strong…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…of objectively demonstrating peripheral arterial disease, and it is needed more often than it is used — not only in claudication, but before every compression treatment…

Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…from perilesional skin (immunofluorescence) The immunofluorescence biopsy goes into Michel's medium, not formalin Suspected vasculitis 4 mm punch from a lesion less than 48…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…airway, breathing or circulation. Skin symptoms may be absent, and circulatory shock does not have to be present for the condition to be serious [1]…

The ECG leads: Electrodes, limb leads, chest (precordial) leads and the 12-Lead ECG

…and ECG electrodes . An electrode is a conductive pad that is attached to the skin and enables the recording of electrical currents. An ECG lead…

Abscess incision and drainage

…perianally. Indications Fluctuant, tender, erythematous and indurated swelling in the skin or subcutis. Pilonidal abscess, hidradenitis abscess and paronychia with a collection of pus. Persistent…

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