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Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…from a fresh blister (routine), one from perilesional skin (immunofluorescence) The immunofluorescence biopsy goes into Michel's medium, not formalin Suspected vasculitis 4 mm punch…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…10 s 1 1 mm Molluscum contagiosum 3–5 s 1 1 mm Skin tag 3–5 s 1 — The freeze time is counted from…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…airway, breathing or circulation. Skin symptoms may be absent, and circulatory shock does not have to be present for the condition to be serious [1]…

Casting and immobilisation

…comes after the injury, not before — and that an edge or a fold presses on a bony prominence until the skin breaks down. An acute…

The ECG leads: Electrodes, limb leads, chest (precordial) leads and the 12-Lead ECG

…and ECG electrodes . An electrode is a conductive pad that is attached to the skin and enables the recording of electrical currents. An ECG lead…

Abscess incision and drainage

…perianally. Indications Fluctuant, tender, erythematous and indurated swelling in the skin or subcutis. Pilonidal abscess, hidradenitis abscess and paronychia with a collection of pus. Persistent…

Anthropometric measurements

…at the end of expiration, with the tape horizontal and without compressing the skin. Ratios and other measurements Measurement Calculation Threshold : : : Waist–hip ratio Waist…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…low platelet counts, followed by compression. Infection in the skin overlying the puncture site. Previous pelvic irradiation on the intended side (yields fibrotic, unrepresentative marrow…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…An alcohol or chlorhexidine swab. Let the skin dry completely before inserting the needle — alcohol carried in with the needle stings. Needles of the correct…

Joint aspiration

…osteoarthritis related joint disease. Contraindications Infection of the skin or soft tissues over the puncture site — use another approach or refrain. Bacteraemia without suspicion of…

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