…presence of free air in the thoracic cavity. While this can occasionally be benign and manifest even in healthy individuals, a tension pneumothorax arises when…

…limitation causes air trapping and dynamic hyperinflation. The consequences are increased work of breathing, exhaustion and, in the most severe cases, hypotension, pneumothorax and respiratory…

…attack and aborts most attacks within 15–20 minutes. An undrained pneumothorax. A high oxygen concentration washes nitrogen out of the pleural air and speeds…

…pneumothorax and acute coronary syndrome must be actively considered [1]. Do the following early: 1. Assess airway, work of breathing, level of consciousness and circulation…

…time Highest risk of pneumothorax, the vessel cannot be compressed after arterial puncture, technically more difficult with ultrasound Femoral vein Fastest, and does not interfere…

…and too much is drained. Bedside ultrasound immediately before the puncture markedly reduces the risk of pneumothorax and is now the standard — puncture on the…

…pneumothorax. Facial trauma, facial burns or recent facial surgery that make a seal impossible. Recent surgery on the oesophagus or upper gastrointestinal tract, ileus and…

…to the diagnosis and management of bradyarrhythmias. In the setting of cardiac arrest, it is essential to reconfirm the rhythm in two leads if possible…

…hypoxia, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, preexisting acidosis, drug overdose, hypothermia, and hyperkalemia. When bradycardia occurs in the context of inflammatory heart disease, it often reflects…

CPR Hypoxia and asphyxiation Hypoxia refers to a reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. Asphyxia is characterized by insufficient ventilation, leading to hypoxia…

…Myocardial injury leads to release of cardiac troponin, but troponin elevation is not specific for myocardial infarction. Other conditions may produce cardiomyocyte injury and elevated…

…history (focus on ischemic heart disease, aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax). Hypertension. Smoking. Dyslipidemia (hyperlipidemia). Obesity and/or diabetes. Psychosocial stress. Alcohol abuse. Physical inactivity…

…tension pneumothorax. No drug has been shown to improve the neurological outcome in cardiac arrest. High quality compressions with minimal interruptions and early defibrillation are…

…Condition Recommended delay : : Myocardial infarction or unstable angina 1 month Pneumothorax 1 month after resolution Pulmonary embolism, until anticoagulated and stable An individual assessment Eye…

…Systemic/Local Causes Conditions: Intraabdominal processes, pneumothorax, and herpes zoster pain are other considerations when assessing chest pain [2]. Autoimmune/Malignancy: A history suggesting an…

…In the absence of evident hemorrhage, potential etiologies to consider include tension pneumothorax, traumatic asphyxia, and cardiac tamponade, each implicated in roughly 10% of cases…