…a cardiac arrest in a pregnant patient, immediate consultation with an obstetrician, neonatologist, and anesthesiologist is essential. Figure 1 . When a pregnant woman is supine…

…cerebrovascular diseases, such as: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Stroke Contraindications Cross reactivity: Do not administer to patients with a history of asthma, rhinitis, or urticaria…

…organ damage. Although BP reduction is required, these patients generally do not need hospital admission or intravenous treatment. Some patients with acute pain, anxiety, or…

…time during pregnancy or after delivery. The clinical context is particularly important. SCAD should be considered in a young or middle aged woman with ACS…

…congestion. In pregnant patients presenting with suspected acute heart failure, urgent hospital admission and referral to an expert centre with advanced heart failure care capabilities…

…what happens when the INR runs away or the patient bleeds. In Sweden the treatment is usually managed from an anticoagulation clinic with dosing support…

…loss if there is physiological compromise. Do not wait for hypotension in young, pregnant or previously athletic patients. Beta blockade, a pacemaker and autonomic neuropathy…

…symptoms are particularly important because of the increased risk of cerebrovascular complications. Seizures in a patient with preeclampsia indicate eclampsia. Postpartum disease is clinically important…

…Hypertension in pregnancy. Contraindications There are no absolute contraindications. Refrain or adapt in atrial fibrillation with a rapid and irregular ventricular rate (oscillometric measurement becomes…

…creatinine, acid–base status and signs of myocardial ischaemia must be monitored during treatment [4,6]. Important exceptions Condition Overall strategy Common first choices : : : Acute…

…it once the patient has recovered. Pitfalls Haemolysis raises the potassium, LDH and AST and lowers the haptoglobin. A tourniquet left on during sampling raises…

…In contrast, patients with confirmed hypertension generally require BP lowering treatment without additional risk stratification for that treatment decision. Population to which SCORE2 and SCORE2…

…examination must be preceded by information about each step, take place with the patient's ongoing consent, and be able to be stopped at any…

Info This drug manual is provided for use in patients with hypertensive emergency (also referred to as hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is…

Cardiology This drug manual is provided for use in patients with hypertensive emergency (also referred to as hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertension ). Hypertensive emergency is…

…• In patients with pheochromocytoma, cocaine or methamphetamine overdose, prior treatment with alpha blockade is necessary before administering labetalol (risk of elevating blood pressure in these…

…may be required in some patients. Adverse effects Tachycardia. Headache. Flushing. Edema. Dizziness. Caution Should be used cautiously in patients with myocardial ischemia and/or…

…protocols. Children, pregnant women and patients with advanced renal failure, marked heart failure or circulatory shock require a specific protocol and early specialist involvement. DKA…

…after a few minutes' rest, if the patient's condition allows. 7. With titratable intravenous treatment and an unstable course, an arterial line should be…

…planning pregnancy, uncontrolled hypertension or annual growth 3 mm. Limitations Formulas assume normal body habitus Ethnic variations may require adjusted thresholds Always correlate with imaging…

…The unstable patient Hypotension (systolic < 90 mmHg for 15 minutes, or a need for a vasopressor), obstructive shock or cardiac arrest with suspected pulmonary…

…20%, and roughly 30% of patients with pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis experience a second thrombotic event within 10 years ( Goldhaber et al, Kearon…

…aorta Previous aortic trauma Pregnancy, particularly the third trimester Weightlifting Cocaine use Deceleration injury Systemic hypertension coexists in approximately 70% of patients with aortic dissection…

…commonest error in paracentesis is not performing it. Every patient admitted with ascites should undergo a diagnostic paracentesis , because spontaneous bacterial peritonitis often lacks abdominal…

…with modified release preparations, mixed poisoning, pregnancy, children, a need for an antidote or dialysis, and whenever the clinical course deviates from what was expected…

…mm (green) for rapid transfusion, preferably two lines in a bleeding patient. A transfusion set with a filter. Blood components must not be given through…

…compromise and does not protect the airway completely. Relative contraindications: A high risk of aspiration: a non fasted patient, ileus, third trimester pregnancy, marked reflux…

…single dose Urosepsis with shock and suspected ESBL meropenem 1 g × 3 IV Do not treat asymptomatic bacteriuria. The exceptions are pregnancy and the period…

…chiefly to adults with neutropenia related to cancer treatment. Children, pregnant women, patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and patients treated with CAR T cells…

…cautiously in patients with high intracranial pressure or azotemia. • Should not be given to pregnant women. • Should not be given to patients with Leber optic…

…also recognize that CRT patients may rely on continuous biventricular pacing for haemodynamic stability. In patients with resynchronization devices, maintaining CRT during surgery is recommended…

…has profound implications for management and treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes. Moreover, clinicians must clarify whether the ECG was recorded during chest pain…

…and obstructive angina may produce overlapping symptom patterns. Patients may present with: exertional angina or angina like chest discomfort; symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischaemia despite…

…particularly early in the disease or after treatment. During exertion, however, the limited diastolic reserve becomes evident, with a rise in left atrial and pulmonary…

…the explanation for the presentation. Clinical presentation and symptoms Patients typically present with symptoms suggestive of ACS and troponin elevation. The clinical and electrocardiographic manifestations…

…contemporary definitions distinguish HFpEF from "Heart Failure with improved EF" (HFimpEF). HFimpEF refers to patients with a historical baseline LVEF ≤40% that has subsequently improved…

…Consequently, current guidelines recommend a 3 generation family history and consideration of genetic testing for all patients with non ischemic HFrEF. Toxic and infiltrative causes…

…treatment. Functional limitation is commonly described using the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification. The source material specifically frames many pharmacological recommendations for patients with…

…whether long term oral anticoagulation is required; tolerance of treatment during the initial months. Patients with HBR are the principal candidates for abbreviated DAPT. However…

…range includes both patients with recovering systolic function and those with deterioration from a previously preserved LVEF. This heterogeneity is relevant to treatment selection and…

…use of validated risk models to estimate the risk of acute myocardial infarction, 30 day and 1 year mortality in patients with NSTE ACS. TIMI…

…days and the patient must not have experienced chest pain during the last 12 hours before exercise. Patients with unstable angina pectoris with high risk…

…Catheterisation is straightforward in most patients and dangerous in a few. The male urethra is about 25 cm long with two curves and a prostate…

Nitroglycerin Patients using nitroglycerin regularly may have developed tolerance and require higher doses, alternatively nitroprusside to achieve desirable blood pressure lowring effect. Drug Nitroglycerin Brand…

…in ACS patients treated with PCI can increase the risk of thrombosis, myocardial infarction, or death. Treatment for up to 12 months is recommended unless…

…of cardiac arrest. Recurrent VT or VF after ROSC in a patient with a coronary risk profile should lead to consideration to perform early angiography.

…The incidence is 10–34% among patients with premature ventricular contractions and/or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia who are referred for electrophysiological evaluation (Hasdemir et al…

…HEMORR₂HAGES bleeding risk score is a clinical tool developed to assess the risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on anticoagulation therapy…

…course of treatment. Even transient, self terminating AF during ST elevation myocardial infarction may indicate an increased long term risk of stroke. In patients with…

…assessment Rehabilitation begins with patient assessment and ongoing medical surveillance. The programme should account for: The recent myocardial infarction and its clinical course Left ventricular…

…worsen ischemia in patients with obstructive coronary disease. It is also the most prevalent antecedent of heart failure—particularly heart failure with preserved ejection fraction…

…adverse cardiovascular events. Complete revascularization is therefore considered an important therapeutic objective, particularly in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and/or MVD. Nevertheless, the optimal…

…L). Non statin treatment for patients who are statin intolerant. Possible concurrent initiation of ezetimibe with maximally tolerated statin therapy during ACS hospitalization. European recommendations…

…presentation of Brugada syndrome Most patients are asymptomatic until the age of 20 to 55 years. The disorder may manifest with any of the following…

…Coimbra R. Open chest versus closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation in trauma patients with signs of life upon hospital arrival: a retrospective multicenter study. Crit Care…