…tips of various sizes. A balloon catheter (a 5–6 Fr Fogarty or a Katz extractor). A local anaesthetic with a vasoconstrictor for the nose…

…usually visible on plain films. Irrigation fluid: a copious volume of drinking quality tap water or sodium chloride 9 mg/mL. The volume matters more…

…the rest. Support your working hand against the patient's zygoma or the bridge of the nose. 4. Approach tangentially from the periphery , never through…

…a fine, soft tube (Ch 8–12) of polyurethane or silicone for nutrition, since it causes less mucosal irritation with longer term use. A water…

…slight change of pressure with the bulb shows whether the tympanic membrane is mobile — an immobile membrane suggests fluid in the middle ear. Irrigation 1…

…anaesthesia. Bladder washout and continuous irrigation in macroscopic haematuria with clots (a three way catheter). Instillation therapy and contrast studies of the urinary tract. Wound…

…cavity with a no. 11 scalpel until pus appears. Take a culture from the wall of the cavity before irrigating. 5. Let the pus drain…