…hallucinations More easily detected, but accounts for a minority of cases Hypoactive Lethargy, slow responses, reduced speech, immobility, poor food intake, reduced eye contact Common…

…intervention (PCI). Contraindications Prasugrel should not be used in the following situations: Hypersensitivity to the active substance or any of the excipients. Active pathological bleeding…

…often despite a reduced food intake Insulin pump The patient manages the pump themselves where possible. In impaired consciousness or DKA: remove the pump and…

…agents Platelet transfusion has weak evidence; discuss with the on call coagulation service Always in parallel: mechanical control of bleeding, tranexamic acid where it is…

…be administered with or without food. For patients who cannot swallow the tablets whole, they can be crushed, mixed in half a glass of water…

…mg epinephrine intramuscularly in the anterolateral thigh. If ineffective, repeat after 3 5 minutes. If intramuscular epinephrine is inadequate, consider an intravenous bolus of epinephrine …

…Never delay adrenaline in order to identify or remove the allergen. 2. Give adrenaline 1 mg/ml intramuscularly into the middle third of the anterolateral…

…can affect the blood pressure in several ways. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can cause a hypertensive crisis through interactions, while venlafaxine and higher doses of bupropion…

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and Pathophysiology Dietary patterns are the overall combinations of foods habitually consumed rather than isolated nutrients considered independently. For cardiometabolic health…

…after a meal because food intake redistributes blood to the gastrointestinal tract which reduces blood availability in the heart. Symptoms of ischemic heart disease are…

…BMI < 20 in people under 70 years or < 22 above 70 years, and reduced food intake together form the basis of most screening…

…to three fold greater prevalence of asymptomatic atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) than the general population. The evidence for premature atherosclerosis is particularly strong in RA…

…prevention of thromboembolic complications, particularly stroke. In untreated AF, stroke risk is increased approximately five fold, and AF is associated with roughly one in five…

…and T) has been validated. The risk of interference with antibodies in the blood is higher for troponin I (cTnI). Antibody interference is a rare…

…referral in: Diabetes with neuropathy or peripheral arterial disease — a risk of osteomyelitis and poor healing. Check the ankle brachial index and the foot status…

…fingertips — fingerprints in the plaster become pressure points against the skin. 6. Fold the ends of the stockinette back over the edge of the cast…

…forehead against the band and the chin in the rest. Support your working hand against the patient's zygoma or the bridge of the nose…

…serum concentration. Alkalinisation increases renal elimination several fold and at the same time reduces the passage of salicylate into the central nervous system. Contact your…

…condition. It is associated with a two to four fold increase in lifetime cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and approximately doubles cardiovascular risk on average. Its…

…rest pain in the foot or leg, or a non healing distal ulcer. Before compression treatment of a leg ulcer — compression in arterial insufficiency can…

…malignancy differential Surgeon or mammography Sole of the foot Deep compartments Orthopaedic surgeon Close to large vessels, in the groin or on the neck Bleeding…

…vasculitis Individual assessment Repeat the ABI every three to six months during ongoing compression therapy, and always in the event of new or increasing pain…

…contrast agents, and accurately identifies abdominal aortic enlargement. Screening reduces aneurysm related mortality in populations with a high prevalence of AAA, particularly older male smoke

…of procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging Exercise stress testing is contraindicated in…

…with treatment. Reported risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, end stage renal disease, and death may be two to six fold higher in affected adults. True…

…numbness of the foot and toes. Pain that is worse at night or when the limb is horizontal. Improvement when the leg is placed in…

…drug induced arrhythmias in patients receiving agents known to alter the electrical properties of the heart (inducing QRS or QT prolongation) or causing electrolyte abnormalities…