…often despite a reduced food intake Insulin pump The patient manages the pump themselves where possible. In impaired consciousness or DKA: remove the pump and…

…swollen airways or dermatological symptoms suggestive of anaphylaxis. Dyspnea, wheezing, or coughing before cardiac arrest also speak for anaphylaxis (airway obstruction caused by a foreign…

…Remove a visible bee sting. Never delay adrenaline in order to identify or remove the allergen. 2. Give adrenaline 1 mg/ml intramuscularly into the…

…is not simultaneously on a DOAC, low molecular weight heparin and an antiplatelet agent without an indication. Interactions: strong P gp or CYP3A4 inhibitors and…

…be administered with or without food. For patients who cannot swallow the tablets whole, they can be crushed, mixed in half a glass of water…

…death and atrial fibrillation. Dietary quality also affects energy balance. Highly processed foods may promote greater ad libitum intake through effects on hunger, reward, craving…

…70 years or < 22 above 70 years, and reduced food intake together form the basis of most screening instruments and should prompt a nutritional…

…the same time, and use drugs only in severe agitation or marked distress. Delirium is an acute neuropsychiatric syndrome and a clinical diagnosis, often described…

…autoimmune disease or previous thrombotic microangiopathy. Antidepressants can affect the blood pressure in several ways. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can cause a hypertensive crisis through interactions…

…with or without food. Administering a 60 mg loading dose on an empty stomach may provide the fastest onset of effect. Do not crush or…

…Ischemic chest pain is more easily provoked after a meal because food intake redistributes blood to the gastrointestinal tract which reduces blood availability in the…

…edge or a fold presses on a bony prominence until the skin breaks down. An acute, fresh injury is therefore immobilised in a backslab or…

…cardiovascular effects. Diabetes may also contribute to arrhythmogenesis through diabetic neuropathy and adverse metabolic effects, independently of coexisting CAD, previous myocardial infarction or HF. Nevertheless…

…time indicates a substantially increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Indications Intermittent claudication, rest pain in the foot or leg, or a non healing…

…zinc paste bandage (Unna boot), or a class 2–3 compression stocking. Tape measure for ankle circumference — this governs the choice of material and bandaging…

…the size of the haematoma A subungual haematoma with a split, loosened or avulsed nail plate, or a damaged nail fold edge Nail avulsion and…

…with symptoms or a rising serum concentration. Alkalinisation increases renal elimination several fold and at the same time reduces the passage of salicylate into the…

…10 mm per year or at least 5 mm over 6 months. Such growth may justify consideration of repair at a smaller diameter than would…

…and APS. Some patient groups have a two to three fold greater prevalence of asymptomatic atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) than the general population. The evidence…

…as blood pressure above goal despite three or more antihypertensive drugs from different classes at maximally tolerated doses, including a diuretic appropriate for kidney function…

…and risk assessment The evaluation of a patient with AF who may require anticoagulation should establish: Whether AF is clinical or device detected subclinical AF…

…abscess or at least half its diameter. Too small an incision is the commonest technical error. 4. Cut straight into the cavity with a no…

…s zygoma or the bridge of the nose. 4. Approach tangentially from the periphery , never through the visual axis, with a spud or a needle…

…Sustained episodes may eventually degenerate into ventricular fibrillation (VF). Proarrhythmia, defined as a drug induced or drug exacerbated cardiac arrhythmia, constitutes a major clinical problem…

…the foot and toes. Pain that is worse at night or when the limb is horizontal. Improvement when the leg is placed in a dependent…

…their release into the blood as well as their clearance. cTnI has a smaller molecular weight (35 kDa) than cTnT (37 kDa), and a faster…

…with known CAD or after myocardial infarction. Assessing myocardial viability: Myocardial perfusion imaging can determine whether dysfunctional myocardium or myocardium supplied by a diseased vessel…